windy, followed by intermittent rain, thunder along with clutter, as my thoughts, messy fly, do not know how to organize the original today ...... is at least 27 years old the day, look back, once those bits and pieces, heart dusty memories, do not know how many can remember, perhaps, is not important, right, how far back the way I do not want to think about it, a simple, ordinary life, I have met, because I am also an ordinary person, and in this extraordinary day, I wish the people around me are healthy and happy.
27 years ago today, in the beautiful southern town --- Gangneung, in her mother's hard work, a baby came to this strange world, that is, to me, is a boy, his family and bad music, in fact, I'd no opinion, especially Grandpa, may finally be a continuation of incense, because I have three generations to a single pass, in this era of family planning, they might, but to lose one's job thing. After Quganmingzi, but also really annoying about it, someone to help take the Fortunately, when my mother helped me to refute, and also take Dear mother, or to take a Look! It is not the same. Yes, there is a ridiculous thing, really a dilemma, I was born a few days, my grandmother took me to get in the water, squeeze the nipple, and said that after growing up a big effort, and this one say? How I heard?
then it can be said to play Speed it several times, probably a few months old at a time when I was quite busy parents work the mother to work while also doing housework with me, one day, she put me on the bed, was busy doing housework to go, not long before I fell from the bed, and fell to the ground, said at the time bed can still be pricey, and when my mother found me, I have no breathing, which may be the frightened mother, my mother holding me running all the way go get my father, grandparents and other relatives, who are arguably the one we frightened, on the way to the hospital, I will magically restore heartbeat, Well, ye can not be reconciled in this world on such a Zouliaoyizao. Another time, about 2 years old in it, grandparents took me to the playground to play, play that rotary aircraft, is the kind of turn in the air, a trip down my pale, rolling his eyes, syncope, and ( There are children here remind the MM, GG, do not bring children to play the thing, too young, the body can not afford, dangerous ah), which can be scared to grandparents, can this lovely little life, and hung up ? Toss one afternoon, in the way to the hospital, I breathed God, ah, So this is the tenacious vitality. Twinkling of an eye to a time when 5 years old, then in kindergarten, with students like to play with marbles, beads play it all day long, the result, one night, I do not know Zezheng, and to eat marbles throat, the whole of the long time, even under Xiabu Qu, spit and spit out, life and death ah, my grandfather did you get a Dongfeng truck quickly sent me to the hospital, but also in the way to the hospital, I was hateful to cough out the marbles , finally scare ah, now want to come, some scared, if not coughed up, not go to the hospital last until ah, wipe ..... to 7 years old, which is the first grade, I remember that day, I went to Jingzhou mall to buy exercise books, crossing the road, was oncoming van Zhuangfei, about a 3,5 meter bar, pushed the feeling I remember very clearly, when finally experience the next head take the stars feel very real, and finally it is the traffic police uncle sent home, but fortunately still remember the way home, now remember, will remember, will check the unconscious, ah, okay, arm and legs in, who did little wisdom for parts, then wipe the sweat ...... ah, this is me with a more difficult childhood, and in this I am grateful to the great longevity day, I was still alive.
grow up, how do not want to grow up, to borrow the lyrics of old Liu, home, and more hope never grow up, return to the embrace of yesterday, so back to your little baby, my dearest mother. Yes, you must accept the pressures of life, you have to accept the loneliness, you have to stop operation of the in Guangzhou this strange city, you will be confused, as if all of your business, yes, and you already nothing to do, but please keep the most real thing, too, it is definitely worth your dedication, you deserve to be buried in my heart.
morning, open the phone, they received Laolu information, only a simple four words, happy birthday! Was moved, the original mind you is also a fine person, and I do not even remember your birthday, I immediately reply, wish you good health, Chihaohehao play well. Perhaps this is an extraordinary day in the most moving thing, right, thank you, now home to cooler weather, and happen to wear when they go out at night, ah, the food in the refrigerator too long, do not eat, do not as I was too worried about, I think I give a call. Also grateful to remember my birthday my friends to wish you good health and happy.
have 5 points more, still under the rain, his thoughts are still messy, that boy would still have been ignorant of the track on his extraordinary walk, some have been recorded dusty memories of a long time, hopefully everything is so ordinary with, and in this foreign land of the night, on his own to say
would like to give his birthday present this article.
; ; ; ; ; 09.08.11 Late < / p>
Wednesday, June 29, 2011
Friday, June 24, 2011
One Kind of Health Sport Shoes Called MBT in uk cenjia
Remember, director of the provincial party committee, the provincial people’s congress standing committee, the governor TaiWeiQing management, chairman of the people’s DingYuZhou, peng, vice secretary of provincial party committee secretary of mbt bomoa municipal party committee, provincial party committee LiuJun yulan of provincial party committee secretary general, provincial party committee and ZhaoDan and the standing committee of LiuGuangXing deputy governor, the provincial people’s congress standing committee, deputy director of GaoHe, the deputy secretary-general of the provincial government, the provincial government chief of staff, WangGuoZhao, director of the provincial development and reform commission, the provincial communications department head of department, province tourism bureau chief and provincial government leadership, attended the opening ceremony. Yulan city, dive, the great lakes-by three cities, the main leading cadres, also attended the opening ceremony. Unprecedented. The central television station of two famous host, presided over the opening ceremonies. Ten o ‘clock in the morning, sound, and a 21-gun salute 11:38 ribbon-cutting ceremony officially began. Provincial party committee secretary TaiWeiQing vowed that: "jade dive highway LangWeiQing," mbt maliza and he completed and open management, DingYuZhou, LiuGuangXing peng, such as main leadership came near, and ZhaoDan provincial party committee for the opening of the opening ceremonies. LiuGuangXing presided over the opening ceremony. Governor peng, represents the provincial government management to jade dive the highways are built to congratulate open to traffic.
He said, jade dive highway is a provincial key engineering, was listed as the national highway construction demonstration project. With a total investment of eight billion yuan, three short years, then all fronts be "is a great volumes. Jade dive highway traffic mbt wave will be further optimized, built in our province highway network structure, promote yulan city, by the city of the great lakes and potential, to speed up the economic development along the local economic and social development.
He said, jade dive highway is a provincial key engineering, was listed as the national highway construction demonstration project. With a total investment of eight billion yuan, three short years, then all fronts be "is a great volumes. Jade dive highway traffic mbt wave will be further optimized, built in our province highway network structure, promote yulan city, by the city of the great lakes and potential, to speed up the economic development along the local economic and social development.
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Thursday, June 23, 2011
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Wednesday, May 25, 2011
60 -year-old woman gave birth to a white snake country !
! !Twentieth century, the seventies, in the Central Plains region of a remote hill village, with a pair of over fifty of the old couple, the old man often called the root, is a farmer in this part and copies; the old lady's name was not many people know, the village people just called her wife have roots.
spawned ancestors rooted incense old man is not busy, to his father's generation, only such a his only child. After marriage, the expected add more male, extending incense, the old couple can not raise almost sixty years have Yinanbannv, seeing it as root pruning rooted old man the old man would.
suddenly one day, there came in from the roots after his wife said he does not uncomfortable, but he kept retching. Rooted old man to find over the village barefoot doctors of a check, his wife is pregnant actually had.
get this message, rooted wife happy with something, every day Oh Lele's doing to her unborn child a small clothes, sewing tiger-head shoes, may have roots in the side but also how the old man not happy.
had a few years ago the old man looked at his roots are such a great age, you know you want the child there is no hope, there will be no longer, and his wife had the same room. The village has been argued that his wife, he is not to care about, the heart that the old woman are so much older, well past childbearing age, not to mention my species, who is pregnant she is not the kind of ah.
watching their wife's belly big up day by day, grew more and more rooted sense of the strange old man to persuade his wife to the hospital to see, what harm is not sick. Nothing can be said to his wife, say it is pregnant, the belly of the baby was moving it.
instant months later, to give birth that day. Kang rooted pain in the house his wife call out straight, the two midwives in and out of the past men working, the old man crouched in the yard with the root, then one's smoking a cigarette, his face did not want to be a father soon joy.
had only about an hour to hear the midwife piped up and shouted: Rooted old man knew something was wrong, and quickly ran into the house of, see his wife deflated the stomach, lying on the kang whistling breathing heavily, two midwives have a lie on the kang edge, and seems to be faint In the past, and another fell in a corner, scared the whole body Shaikang, duo kang miles shiver looking at the blood of the basin below. Old man take a look at the eye, suddenly startled, and saw inside the basin of a half a meter to actually tummy long white snake, with her bloodshot.
news, the village on the bombing of the camp immediately. All talking about, saying that the have. Some said the old man into the mountains of rooted sets of foxes, a fox spirit collision, so that his wife gave birth to a fox spirit angry snake demon; also said that his wife has always been a snake, they practice birth to age the offspring; village son stay there a few years in the field, since that well-informed, in large loudspeakers nonsense, saying that this is also the first town, called atavism.
rooted wife can not stand against, not two days expires. Pointed piece of white snake village old man said to have roots, this thing is not good to keep, or hurry to kill it. Old man rooted to his wife just after finishing the funeral, looking at the corner of the White Snake huddled freezing, the heart suddenly on the soft down. How to say it is thought his wife was born ten months pregnant, and can be considered half of my baby, let me kill it, I Zaneng hand under this ah.
next day, the old man would back the blanket roots, holding piece of white snake, went to ride the mountains had a shack. Since then, the snake lived in that the same supplies as their children up, fed watering it every day, and gave it a name as, called white babe.
Later, the village people feel this bad luck, not to mention they have since closed; the village is located in the mountains, water, electricity, roads do not pass, the message can not be sent out. So, it's that's down to hide the truth. Fast forward ten years
time passed, the province was developed in this mountain tourist areas, the wide road has been revised Daocun Kou, many of the city carries the package went to the men and women have to travel here. People from the village are also stained with the tourist zone of light, by selling specialty products, souvenirs and the like, made a home.
but did not last long, the fire of the tourist area just a few months a group of tourists would spread the news of the missing in the mountains. Office of the Public Security Bureau and the tourist area has organized several dial into the mountains to look for people did not find. Later, several students went into the mountains camping, tourism office, said they met in the mountains, a white boa constrictor, enough to have more than twenty meters long, as thick with the tank.
heard the head of the Office of the matter, thinking that a few missing things to the people before it is eaten, to see how even the corpse is not to look looking for? Seeing the benefits of the tourist area is getting worse, if it does not harm in addition to this, I am afraid no one would dare come here after traveling. So they organized a group of people present, into the mountains to fight the snake.
team to play the snake wandering in the mountains ten days, but not one hair has not looked at the snake. One night when the villagers spend the night at home, that home owner happened to talk with them more than a dozen years ago, his wife gave birth to Article white snake root, a root of old man went to the mountains again with the snake thing. Team quickly asked the steward who have roots in what is now the old man, the master said to live in the cove in front of the mountain, there berries sons, wild animals and more, people can live in it.
not two days, received a report of the tourism office to send people to find the root of old man living in a shack, the white snake thing with him, said. Old man at first did not believe that my white baby though a beast, but it is eating wild things in the woods, never hurt extraordinary. Man said, have to believe you do not believe that people are not so you can keep the snake eat a mouse is to drag? Since it also eat wild animals to eat people. You brought out the scourge, you have to charge it to kill, or else you'll have legal action, and give it a few people to attractiveness.
rooted to the old man a life for a life, and my heart to fear of harm and had to go to the mountains to find his white babe. Root babe saw a white old man, very happy, immediately swim out from the dark disk with a root old man making out with him. The old man saw the white babe, tears suddenly streaming out, sat on the ground shouted: have their own seek death, the mountains are so many wild things to eat enough for you? you also eat liberal and Zage, and now people want you to life for a life outside na. words, shook head, with the tail of a hook in his leg to take him to a cliff before. There is a cliff cave, the hole is only a narrow crack, very subtle, but for the white babe leading the way, most people really hard to find.
inside a large cave, the floor strewn with many gold and silver jewelry. The old man looked at the ground with the root of things, the heart that it may have been the people who eat white babe band, not to spit in the digest here. Think of himself raised the white snake actually made such a thing, nor indeed of the damned, he heaved a sigh of relief, said: . I do not know how long after a white baby raised his head, rub rub rooted old man's face, and slowly climbed the cliff edge and shoved his head thrown cliff, hit a pulpy.
rooted old man holding a white baby crying dead for a moment, to find a place to dig a hole and buried it. After returning home, I think of those ornaments, they notified the people who pick up tourist areas. Tourist area by the old man said people found the cave where, a look inside things, surprise. Modern jewelry is not that things are with the first of the antiquities, will notify the local archaeological department. Archaeological experts have a look around, it really was the tomb of an ancient rich family, they organize to explore, from the inside, a lot of unearthed buried. Finally, from a rockfall blocked the ramps to be pulled out to a few in the body of a modern, public security bureau, who came a check is missing in the mountains before the Waiting List, a lot. Those old people are thieves posing as tourists, I heard the tombs here, they come here to touch the gold. The results did not touch the gold, anti-fall down the stone was blocking crossing the tomb, to suffocate in the inside.
rooted old man heard this, did not regret the breath up, give life and life's suffocated.
Later, a research scholar of animals trying to bring back the bodies of white snake into a specimen. Graves can be dug into the snake after a look inside, in addition to a bunch of yellow snake skin outside did nothing. The scholars to inquire about a passing woman. The old lady told him, rooted old man died that very night the wind is strong, she saw the white baby to climb out from the earth, the snake slipped away into Fei.
so scholars certainly do not believe that a lot of village people can say they really saw that night in a white fly out from the tomb, Barbara is a dragon.
see After do not know if I cried, I cried at least! Good opinion people! ! ! ! ! ! ! I sincerely wish the white baby to climb out from the earth, the snake slipped away into Fei! ! Truly a blessing! ! ! ! ! ! ! Hope it'll read, thank you, to let more people know about it. It is a good clean and good white cute Oh ...
spawned ancestors rooted incense old man is not busy, to his father's generation, only such a his only child. After marriage, the expected add more male, extending incense, the old couple can not raise almost sixty years have Yinanbannv, seeing it as root pruning rooted old man the old man would.
suddenly one day, there came in from the roots after his wife said he does not uncomfortable, but he kept retching. Rooted old man to find over the village barefoot doctors of a check, his wife is pregnant actually had.
get this message, rooted wife happy with something, every day Oh Lele's doing to her unborn child a small clothes, sewing tiger-head shoes, may have roots in the side but also how the old man not happy.
had a few years ago the old man looked at his roots are such a great age, you know you want the child there is no hope, there will be no longer, and his wife had the same room. The village has been argued that his wife, he is not to care about, the heart that the old woman are so much older, well past childbearing age, not to mention my species, who is pregnant she is not the kind of ah.
watching their wife's belly big up day by day, grew more and more rooted sense of the strange old man to persuade his wife to the hospital to see, what harm is not sick. Nothing can be said to his wife, say it is pregnant, the belly of the baby was moving it.
instant months later, to give birth that day. Kang rooted pain in the house his wife call out straight, the two midwives in and out of the past men working, the old man crouched in the yard with the root, then one's smoking a cigarette, his face did not want to be a father soon joy.
had only about an hour to hear the midwife piped up and shouted: Rooted old man knew something was wrong, and quickly ran into the house of, see his wife deflated the stomach, lying on the kang whistling breathing heavily, two midwives have a lie on the kang edge, and seems to be faint In the past, and another fell in a corner, scared the whole body Shaikang, duo kang miles shiver looking at the blood of the basin below. Old man take a look at the eye, suddenly startled, and saw inside the basin of a half a meter to actually tummy long white snake, with her bloodshot.
news, the village on the bombing of the camp immediately. All talking about, saying that the have. Some said the old man into the mountains of rooted sets of foxes, a fox spirit collision, so that his wife gave birth to a fox spirit angry snake demon; also said that his wife has always been a snake, they practice birth to age the offspring; village son stay there a few years in the field, since that well-informed, in large loudspeakers nonsense, saying that this is also the first town, called atavism.
rooted wife can not stand against, not two days expires. Pointed piece of white snake village old man said to have roots, this thing is not good to keep, or hurry to kill it. Old man rooted to his wife just after finishing the funeral, looking at the corner of the White Snake huddled freezing, the heart suddenly on the soft down. How to say it is thought his wife was born ten months pregnant, and can be considered half of my baby, let me kill it, I Zaneng hand under this ah.
next day, the old man would back the blanket roots, holding piece of white snake, went to ride the mountains had a shack. Since then, the snake lived in that the same supplies as their children up, fed watering it every day, and gave it a name as, called white babe.
Later, the village people feel this bad luck, not to mention they have since closed; the village is located in the mountains, water, electricity, roads do not pass, the message can not be sent out. So, it's that's down to hide the truth. Fast forward ten years
time passed, the province was developed in this mountain tourist areas, the wide road has been revised Daocun Kou, many of the city carries the package went to the men and women have to travel here. People from the village are also stained with the tourist zone of light, by selling specialty products, souvenirs and the like, made a home.
but did not last long, the fire of the tourist area just a few months a group of tourists would spread the news of the missing in the mountains. Office of the Public Security Bureau and the tourist area has organized several dial into the mountains to look for people did not find. Later, several students went into the mountains camping, tourism office, said they met in the mountains, a white boa constrictor, enough to have more than twenty meters long, as thick with the tank.
heard the head of the Office of the matter, thinking that a few missing things to the people before it is eaten, to see how even the corpse is not to look looking for? Seeing the benefits of the tourist area is getting worse, if it does not harm in addition to this, I am afraid no one would dare come here after traveling. So they organized a group of people present, into the mountains to fight the snake.
team to play the snake wandering in the mountains ten days, but not one hair has not looked at the snake. One night when the villagers spend the night at home, that home owner happened to talk with them more than a dozen years ago, his wife gave birth to Article white snake root, a root of old man went to the mountains again with the snake thing. Team quickly asked the steward who have roots in what is now the old man, the master said to live in the cove in front of the mountain, there berries sons, wild animals and more, people can live in it.
not two days, received a report of the tourism office to send people to find the root of old man living in a shack, the white snake thing with him, said. Old man at first did not believe that my white baby though a beast, but it is eating wild things in the woods, never hurt extraordinary. Man said, have to believe you do not believe that people are not so you can keep the snake eat a mouse is to drag? Since it also eat wild animals to eat people. You brought out the scourge, you have to charge it to kill, or else you'll have legal action, and give it a few people to attractiveness.
rooted to the old man a life for a life, and my heart to fear of harm and had to go to the mountains to find his white babe. Root babe saw a white old man, very happy, immediately swim out from the dark disk with a root old man making out with him. The old man saw the white babe, tears suddenly streaming out, sat on the ground shouted: have their own seek death, the mountains are so many wild things to eat enough for you? you also eat liberal and Zage, and now people want you to life for a life outside na. words, shook head, with the tail of a hook in his leg to take him to a cliff before. There is a cliff cave, the hole is only a narrow crack, very subtle, but for the white babe leading the way, most people really hard to find.
inside a large cave, the floor strewn with many gold and silver jewelry. The old man looked at the ground with the root of things, the heart that it may have been the people who eat white babe band, not to spit in the digest here. Think of himself raised the white snake actually made such a thing, nor indeed of the damned, he heaved a sigh of relief, said: . I do not know how long after a white baby raised his head, rub rub rooted old man's face, and slowly climbed the cliff edge and shoved his head thrown cliff, hit a pulpy.
rooted old man holding a white baby crying dead for a moment, to find a place to dig a hole and buried it. After returning home, I think of those ornaments, they notified the people who pick up tourist areas. Tourist area by the old man said people found the cave where, a look inside things, surprise. Modern jewelry is not that things are with the first of the antiquities, will notify the local archaeological department. Archaeological experts have a look around, it really was the tomb of an ancient rich family, they organize to explore, from the inside, a lot of unearthed buried. Finally, from a rockfall blocked the ramps to be pulled out to a few in the body of a modern, public security bureau, who came a check is missing in the mountains before the Waiting List, a lot. Those old people are thieves posing as tourists, I heard the tombs here, they come here to touch the gold. The results did not touch the gold, anti-fall down the stone was blocking crossing the tomb, to suffocate in the inside.
rooted old man heard this, did not regret the breath up, give life and life's suffocated.
Later, a research scholar of animals trying to bring back the bodies of white snake into a specimen. Graves can be dug into the snake after a look inside, in addition to a bunch of yellow snake skin outside did nothing. The scholars to inquire about a passing woman. The old lady told him, rooted old man died that very night the wind is strong, she saw the white baby to climb out from the earth, the snake slipped away into Fei.
so scholars certainly do not believe that a lot of village people can say they really saw that night in a white fly out from the tomb, Barbara is a dragon.
see After do not know if I cried, I cried at least! Good opinion people! ! ! ! ! ! ! I sincerely wish the white baby to climb out from the earth, the snake slipped away into Fei! ! Truly a blessing! ! ! ! ! ! ! Hope it'll read, thank you, to let more people know about it. It is a good clean and good white cute Oh ...
Sunday, May 22, 2011
A girl wrote to present all the poor young men 20-35 years old some advice
a girl wrote to present all the poor young men 20-35 years old some comments
you handsome, ugly, Dear otaku, motorcycle men, wretched man, the poor second-generation are:
As a result of the forum Alliance of young men do not fly their stupid lack of inspiration, I feel the need to write to you a submission, although this could drown in your angry, but I just want to remind you: stand on the position of women, young men choose a Kaopu Kaopu all the basic rights of young women.
in your high school or junior high school, if you RP (network simple language, meaning like your girl. Material without any monetary requirements, she loves you, you are all her. At that time you can reach out and ask my parents for money coming in every festival, you can take half a month pocket money saved, just to get her a laugh.spiritual enjoyment (RP particularly bad, it can only say that your life is a tragedy.)
or you withstood the time, resisted the pressure together. At that time, she may just go to college, or are on the job, or standing on the first turning point in life, we must learn to cope with life, as parents no longer embarrassed to beg for life. You stagger a common growth trajectory, not how long, she began to learn to face reality and become physical, like nice clothes, designer of the package.
She's With the illusion of happiness, found you can give her a stable life and to feel secure enough before choosing you.
But one day, when you fall into an endless fall into utilities, rent distress, when two people fall asleep after work for their own interests, you are unemployed She overtime, you bored, she busy, you cause frustration, she when wind and water. You would think, then where is the love. Where is the sweet warm year. Then that will worship you, sent you as a girl where the gods. Then a piece of chocolate that you gave a half-day simple girl happy where ... ...
you become confident, suspicion - because you do not have ability to let her off on a good day. And by her side, a few successful men emerge from time to time. So jealous, bickering, the Cold War, mutual harm. Skelter but could not bear the feelings of so many years, may end, she chose a rich man.
you think she really shameless, you abandon it for the money. But is she glad she finally left that just love basketball, love the World Cup, love of Warcraft, like to watch **, criticized her love, love difficult for her, love her angry anger, love affair, love and her fight, love self-righteous man; her sad, because once accidentally left a care, her pain as her daughter, like to call her baby to stop her lose weight, make her happy, as she turned into superman man. She was lucky to leave a negative there is no future the future of man can not give her, she sad that you are going and the simple past, she adored the man, whom she sat N-hour train hell and high water to see the man.
so many years, not without change. Love burn out, not the original better, but know only each other to rely on the most intimate. But to become the most is that you worship from a man being turned into a mediocre to let her fear of man. Have, as you do not need to face the pressure of living, she does not know the importance of money for this world, you are her days to her gods to her of her prince. Later, when the pressure hit, you do not have it without the support of parents had even had patience, self-confidence was gone. What makes you think, why not allow her to choose a better future?
money men more likely to self-esteem, lack of self-confidence and easy to suspicion, fear, moodiness. Money man money to perishable and want the money had failed to realize the beauty of their own suddenly become huge houses and cars.
23-year-old man is not stable impulsive, 23-year-old girl is considerate of parents have learned.
28-year-old men just in their prime, 28-year-old woman has to endure in silence because there is no marriage around the singular vision.
30-year-old man can marry a beautiful and pure kind of cute female college student, 30-year-old thin women do not even have time to pick a man.
young girls too short, you can only promise to not ring and marriage. She is also the fear will be worried about money so you can not help but earthly temptation, then she would not tolerate such tainted with love, she could only leave you looking for a bit older, divorced, or had obvious defects married men, the man may be rich, gentle personality, may also be violent, but always Dide Guo was rich girl you.
man's worship excellent woman is born, females will choose to fight when Shangqie victory can bring back prey, a site male animal, a woman naturally has the right to choose to give yourself a happy man.
If you do not, is still around but also the kind-hearted girl, would you a good girl this rare little better every day active life, do not work out Internet lying is nonsense. If you just want to mediocre life, then you should expect to leave soon after the rest of your life to a happy life with you girl, then went to the countryside to find a simple, and can give you born baby cooking and washing, and for you to find Valentine one eye closed one of the kind of no culture, no requirements for you, preferably with your text messages are not read the words on the girl and you live. But there are costs that you will suddenly stop dreaming about her amazing night, your body's blood is boiling, it should not even think about her and talk to you about the ideal life look at the moon the stars. Of course, you can use a wallet, you know how to appreciate the taste, of course, of course, you still have to have money.
Anyway, you have to keep in front of their relationship and economic status. Not only because you will have to face the starving children, both parents need support, but also through this show pride in your family status in the status of the sacred.
men like to be adored, protected like a good thing, but only move forward, just like the lack of capacity to find the woman of the man is not of promise. Even if you do not change, you do not stop your ex girl that will change. Who wants to find a mediocre man, into his life. Although we are all aware that life is just plain true, but it has a plain and obvious difference between mediocre, please do not lightly to the shackles of morality fixed in a girl body. Fear of other women, because of you so you just want to take life, marry and have kids. But marriage is evil, and now a small three * crab * Primary Four Primary Five Primary Six who are also eyeing atrocious, and fear is the fear to the end, not their youth, no love, no self, nor a favorite you.
your family background do not fly, does not matter, as long as you still climbing.
you need time to work hard, it does not matter, as long as she can afford the time, etc..
no house is not your fault, but have a complete home is your responsibility.
not powerful parents not your fault, but with ability to maintain a good social circle is the basic quality.
no chance not your fault, but this is not an excuse for you forever underappreciated.
to face not your fault, but if you can put down the possessor of dignity to a woman, when, why not choose their dignity to accept a meager salary, but at least hard able to work to support themselves. If you have no money, no house, no car, no face, no ambitions, no body can not hack it no diploma no dreams, no future and no sense of responsibility, self-motivated, then hello to si it! Do not rush in every day thinking about the cat who Nvwang gorgeously dressed, thinking out single to Harmony, though you have the ability to de-list, you have the ability to raise double it? TMD, too superficial, too shy.
your otaku, you locomotive, you wretched, you procrastinate, you bear the heart, OK, no matter how good the girls are consuming your body can not afford it? Do not always complain about the girls of reality, you have time to complain, make some money online than to go out, have the ability to attract girls, men naturally. On behalf of all young women in the general Kaopu tell you, first, could not afford to do because of who his wife beginning, not a relationship of marriage is purely for the purpose of bullying; second bubble to the girl trouble you a little sense of responsibility; s Third, do not let your children with you Hexibeifeng, give him a good growth environment is your basic responsibility as a parent; Fourth, do not self-confident, young women as a beautifully shy, I am responsible to tell you, did not dare to marry only one woman easily luggage a book of poems of the homeless, but the more worthy of your observation is that - no woman would easily despise a serious struggle as their ideal man.
young you have nothing, but If you really have the ability, but that difference is time. Do not always complain about how good other people at home, you will have come out on top that day.
the end, so you have money, do not fear the girl is the total money at you and hello, and they choose it because you look away from the happy life be ideal point. Not all girls are bad eye, the key, you will naturally see her is not really on your side.
hope you can always find the girl you want to wait.
and you may have just graduated, took the meager salary, in addition to life, and even the mall can not afford to buy a pair of her favorite high heels. And you can not ask parents for money. You may live together, living in a narrow but you feel the warmth of the house, every morning she gives you a kiss, the night hiding in your arms like a baby. You feel happy. She knew poor and lowly misery, but acquiesced in this pressure, which requires much courage and love for you.
you care for your loved your little regrets that woman! ! ! ! In such a materialistic society now, that love is how valuable and rare ah! ! ! I wish the world can get married lovers ~ ~
you handsome, ugly, Dear otaku, motorcycle men, wretched man, the poor second-generation are:
As a result of the forum Alliance of young men do not fly their stupid lack of inspiration, I feel the need to write to you a submission, although this could drown in your angry, but I just want to remind you: stand on the position of women, young men choose a Kaopu Kaopu all the basic rights of young women.
in your high school or junior high school, if you RP (network simple language, meaning like your girl. Material without any monetary requirements, she loves you, you are all her. At that time you can reach out and ask my parents for money coming in every festival, you can take half a month pocket money saved, just to get her a laugh.spiritual enjoyment (RP particularly bad, it can only say that your life is a tragedy.)
or you withstood the time, resisted the pressure together. At that time, she may just go to college, or are on the job, or standing on the first turning point in life, we must learn to cope with life, as parents no longer embarrassed to beg for life. You stagger a common growth trajectory, not how long, she began to learn to face reality and become physical, like nice clothes, designer of the package.
She's With the illusion of happiness, found you can give her a stable life and to feel secure enough before choosing you.
But one day, when you fall into an endless fall into utilities, rent distress, when two people fall asleep after work for their own interests, you are unemployed She overtime, you bored, she busy, you cause frustration, she when wind and water. You would think, then where is the love. Where is the sweet warm year. Then that will worship you, sent you as a girl where the gods. Then a piece of chocolate that you gave a half-day simple girl happy where ... ...
you become confident, suspicion - because you do not have ability to let her off on a good day. And by her side, a few successful men emerge from time to time. So jealous, bickering, the Cold War, mutual harm. Skelter but could not bear the feelings of so many years, may end, she chose a rich man.
you think she really shameless, you abandon it for the money. But is she glad she finally left that just love basketball, love the World Cup, love of Warcraft, like to watch **, criticized her love, love difficult for her, love her angry anger, love affair, love and her fight, love self-righteous man; her sad, because once accidentally left a care, her pain as her daughter, like to call her baby to stop her lose weight, make her happy, as she turned into superman man. She was lucky to leave a negative there is no future the future of man can not give her, she sad that you are going and the simple past, she adored the man, whom she sat N-hour train hell and high water to see the man.
so many years, not without change. Love burn out, not the original better, but know only each other to rely on the most intimate. But to become the most is that you worship from a man being turned into a mediocre to let her fear of man. Have, as you do not need to face the pressure of living, she does not know the importance of money for this world, you are her days to her gods to her of her prince. Later, when the pressure hit, you do not have it without the support of parents had even had patience, self-confidence was gone. What makes you think, why not allow her to choose a better future?
money men more likely to self-esteem, lack of self-confidence and easy to suspicion, fear, moodiness. Money man money to perishable and want the money had failed to realize the beauty of their own suddenly become huge houses and cars.
23-year-old man is not stable impulsive, 23-year-old girl is considerate of parents have learned.
28-year-old men just in their prime, 28-year-old woman has to endure in silence because there is no marriage around the singular vision.
30-year-old man can marry a beautiful and pure kind of cute female college student, 30-year-old thin women do not even have time to pick a man.
young girls too short, you can only promise to not ring and marriage. She is also the fear will be worried about money so you can not help but earthly temptation, then she would not tolerate such tainted with love, she could only leave you looking for a bit older, divorced, or had obvious defects married men, the man may be rich, gentle personality, may also be violent, but always Dide Guo was rich girl you.
man's worship excellent woman is born, females will choose to fight when Shangqie victory can bring back prey, a site male animal, a woman naturally has the right to choose to give yourself a happy man.
If you do not, is still around but also the kind-hearted girl, would you a good girl this rare little better every day active life, do not work out Internet lying is nonsense. If you just want to mediocre life, then you should expect to leave soon after the rest of your life to a happy life with you girl, then went to the countryside to find a simple, and can give you born baby cooking and washing, and for you to find Valentine one eye closed one of the kind of no culture, no requirements for you, preferably with your text messages are not read the words on the girl and you live. But there are costs that you will suddenly stop dreaming about her amazing night, your body's blood is boiling, it should not even think about her and talk to you about the ideal life look at the moon the stars. Of course, you can use a wallet, you know how to appreciate the taste, of course, of course, you still have to have money.
Anyway, you have to keep in front of their relationship and economic status. Not only because you will have to face the starving children, both parents need support, but also through this show pride in your family status in the status of the sacred.
men like to be adored, protected like a good thing, but only move forward, just like the lack of capacity to find the woman of the man is not of promise. Even if you do not change, you do not stop your ex girl that will change. Who wants to find a mediocre man, into his life. Although we are all aware that life is just plain true, but it has a plain and obvious difference between mediocre, please do not lightly to the shackles of morality fixed in a girl body. Fear of other women, because of you so you just want to take life, marry and have kids. But marriage is evil, and now a small three * crab * Primary Four Primary Five Primary Six who are also eyeing atrocious, and fear is the fear to the end, not their youth, no love, no self, nor a favorite you.
your family background do not fly, does not matter, as long as you still climbing.
you need time to work hard, it does not matter, as long as she can afford the time, etc..
no house is not your fault, but have a complete home is your responsibility.
not powerful parents not your fault, but with ability to maintain a good social circle is the basic quality.
no chance not your fault, but this is not an excuse for you forever underappreciated.
to face not your fault, but if you can put down the possessor of dignity to a woman, when, why not choose their dignity to accept a meager salary, but at least hard able to work to support themselves. If you have no money, no house, no car, no face, no ambitions, no body can not hack it no diploma no dreams, no future and no sense of responsibility, self-motivated, then hello to si it! Do not rush in every day thinking about the cat who Nvwang gorgeously dressed, thinking out single to Harmony, though you have the ability to de-list, you have the ability to raise double it? TMD, too superficial, too shy.
your otaku, you locomotive, you wretched, you procrastinate, you bear the heart, OK, no matter how good the girls are consuming your body can not afford it? Do not always complain about the girls of reality, you have time to complain, make some money online than to go out, have the ability to attract girls, men naturally. On behalf of all young women in the general Kaopu tell you, first, could not afford to do because of who his wife beginning, not a relationship of marriage is purely for the purpose of bullying; second bubble to the girl trouble you a little sense of responsibility; s Third, do not let your children with you Hexibeifeng, give him a good growth environment is your basic responsibility as a parent; Fourth, do not self-confident, young women as a beautifully shy, I am responsible to tell you, did not dare to marry only one woman easily luggage a book of poems of the homeless, but the more worthy of your observation is that - no woman would easily despise a serious struggle as their ideal man.
young you have nothing, but If you really have the ability, but that difference is time. Do not always complain about how good other people at home, you will have come out on top that day.
the end, so you have money, do not fear the girl is the total money at you and hello, and they choose it because you look away from the happy life be ideal point. Not all girls are bad eye, the key, you will naturally see her is not really on your side.
hope you can always find the girl you want to wait.
and you may have just graduated, took the meager salary, in addition to life, and even the mall can not afford to buy a pair of her favorite high heels. And you can not ask parents for money. You may live together, living in a narrow but you feel the warmth of the house, every morning she gives you a kiss, the night hiding in your arms like a baby. You feel happy. She knew poor and lowly misery, but acquiesced in this pressure, which requires much courage and love for you.
you care for your loved your little regrets that woman! ! ! ! In such a materialistic society now, that love is how valuable and rare ah! ! ! I wish the world can get married lovers ~ ~
Wednesday, May 18, 2011
Dongpo poem memorable
0:00 , playing a pot of hot foot-washing water , soak feet in warm bowl. Open borrowed that the Lin Xi , Frank and reckless style of writing that , as the warm foot-washing water , I just feel the body relax. Read that On, and sunny of course nice, but even there the wind with rain , but also Jieyou scenery all the way , just mediocre did not know , only God does the United States sigh . East broke the mood , really great people can compare. While nice warm feet , it is only last for minutes. Information on the light , it is better sleep. -
Monday, May 16, 2011
After the suicide keep using !
2, cold medicine + Coke = poisoning
3, eggs, avoid saccharin ┄ ┄ with food poisoning, death
4, bogey tofu with fresh honey ┄ ┄ deaf
5, kelp avoid constipation with fresh pig blood ┄ ┄
6, potatoes, bananas ┄ ┄ avoid eating raw with freckles
7, beef, brown sugar ┄ ┄ avoid bulging with fresh dead
8, vinegar eel bogey ┄ ┄ with food is dead
9, mutton avoid snail ┄ ┄ fresh food product with abdominal distension
10, celery avoid rabbits off the hair with fresh ┄ ┄
11, ┄ ┄ tomato with fresh green beans avoid debilitating
12, goose bogey with fresh pear ┄ ┄ injured kidney
13, onion bogey honey with fresh eye injury ┄ ┄
14, blackfish ┄ ┄ avoid eggplant with fresh stomach pain
15, Turtle bogey amaranth ┄ ┄ with food poisoning
16, preserved eggs, brown sugar, avoid ┄ ┄ with fresh nausea
17, ginseng bogey radish ┄ ┄ food product food stagnation with gas
18, bogey persimmon wine with fresh heart ┄ ┄ stuffy
19. sweet potatoes and persimmons - will get stones ;
20. radish and fungus - skin inflammation
21. taro and bananas - bloating
22. peanut and cucumber - damage kidneys
23, beef and chestnuts - cause vomiting < br> 24. crab and persimmon - diarrhea
25. carp and licorice - will be poisoning
26, avoid meat with fresh watermelon --- debilitating
27, goose bogey --- eggs with fresh debilitating
28, avoid the pork with fresh water chestnut --- stomach pain
29, dog avoid eating mung beans and easy --- with food poisoning
30, avoid eating horse meat was the same fungus --- cholera
31, avoid hair ginger beef with food poisoning deaths ---
32, dried plum lamb bogey - with fresh raw heart stuffy
33, chicken bogey --- mustard with fresh debilitating
34, Donkey avoid heartache with fresh yellow --- fatal
35, rabbit bogey cabbage - easy to eat with vomiting
36, crab avoid jujube --- with the food easy to get malaria
37, mustard made with fresh --- pear avoid vomiting
38, radish fruits adverse thyroid;
39, eel and crab turtle pregnant women avoid < br> 40, eggs, eat anti-inflammatory tablets clash;
41, eggs, milk nutrition should not be washed
42, spinach, tofu color United States would not be appropriate
43, carrot, red radish with each other,
44, tomato Cucumber can not eat together.
should not eat:
1, germination, blue potatoes poisonous to eat.
2, fresh lily (day lily) poisonous to eat.
3, do not fry the green beans, lentils toxic, can not eat.
4, the old chicken head (more than 5 years beheaded) the big drug, can not eat.
5, tender fried liver, contain toxins and should not eat.
6, preserved eggs, popcorn, particularly lead, children should not eat.
7, burnt food can not eat, eat easily after cancer.
8, Black ginger are highly toxic, to necrosis of liver cells must not eat.
9, raw soybean oil contains benzene, will destroy the hematopoietic system, can not eat.
10, long cooking water containing nitrite, eating is prone to cancer.
11, can not eat too hot food, easy to burn the digestive tract caused by cancer.
12, can not eat undercooked soy milk, eat easy poisoning.
13, pickled foods contain cancer-causing substances, should not eat.
14, baking the chicken category, fish containing carcinogens, should not eat.
15, persimmon persimmon flight susceptible to stomach stones, do not eat.
3, eggs, avoid saccharin ┄ ┄ with food poisoning, death
4, bogey tofu with fresh honey ┄ ┄ deaf
5, kelp avoid constipation with fresh pig blood ┄ ┄
6, potatoes, bananas ┄ ┄ avoid eating raw with freckles
7, beef, brown sugar ┄ ┄ avoid bulging with fresh dead
8, vinegar eel bogey ┄ ┄ with food is dead
9, mutton avoid snail ┄ ┄ fresh food product with abdominal distension
10, celery avoid rabbits off the hair with fresh ┄ ┄
11, ┄ ┄ tomato with fresh green beans avoid debilitating
12, goose bogey with fresh pear ┄ ┄ injured kidney
13, onion bogey honey with fresh eye injury ┄ ┄
14, blackfish ┄ ┄ avoid eggplant with fresh stomach pain
15, Turtle bogey amaranth ┄ ┄ with food poisoning
16, preserved eggs, brown sugar, avoid ┄ ┄ with fresh nausea
17, ginseng bogey radish ┄ ┄ food product food stagnation with gas
18, bogey persimmon wine with fresh heart ┄ ┄ stuffy
19. sweet potatoes and persimmons - will get stones ;
20. radish and fungus - skin inflammation
21. taro and bananas - bloating
22. peanut and cucumber - damage kidneys
23, beef and chestnuts - cause vomiting < br> 24. crab and persimmon - diarrhea
25. carp and licorice - will be poisoning
26, avoid meat with fresh watermelon --- debilitating
27, goose bogey --- eggs with fresh debilitating
28, avoid the pork with fresh water chestnut --- stomach pain
29, dog avoid eating mung beans and easy --- with food poisoning
30, avoid eating horse meat was the same fungus --- cholera
31, avoid hair ginger beef with food poisoning deaths ---
32, dried plum lamb bogey - with fresh raw heart stuffy
33, chicken bogey --- mustard with fresh debilitating
34, Donkey avoid heartache with fresh yellow --- fatal
35, rabbit bogey cabbage - easy to eat with vomiting
36, crab avoid jujube --- with the food easy to get malaria
37, mustard made with fresh --- pear avoid vomiting
38, radish fruits adverse thyroid;
39, eel and crab turtle pregnant women avoid < br> 40, eggs, eat anti-inflammatory tablets clash;
41, eggs, milk nutrition should not be washed
42, spinach, tofu color United States would not be appropriate
43, carrot, red radish with each other,
44, tomato Cucumber can not eat together.
should not eat:
1, germination, blue potatoes poisonous to eat.
2, fresh lily (day lily) poisonous to eat.
3, do not fry the green beans, lentils toxic, can not eat.
4, the old chicken head (more than 5 years beheaded) the big drug, can not eat.
5, tender fried liver, contain toxins and should not eat.
6, preserved eggs, popcorn, particularly lead, children should not eat.
7, burnt food can not eat, eat easily after cancer.
8, Black ginger are highly toxic, to necrosis of liver cells must not eat.
9, raw soybean oil contains benzene, will destroy the hematopoietic system, can not eat.
10, long cooking water containing nitrite, eating is prone to cancer.
11, can not eat too hot food, easy to burn the digestive tract caused by cancer.
12, can not eat undercooked soy milk, eat easy poisoning.
13, pickled foods contain cancer-causing substances, should not eat.
14, baking the chicken category, fish containing carcinogens, should not eat.
15, persimmon persimmon flight susceptible to stomach stones, do not eat.
Pham Van has all to do find the time
( worth collecting ) summary of the work unit summary summarizes individual debriefing report summarizes the work reports of six months research internship report examines the work plan report on the work report of the report summarizes the work on year-end summary of class work summary summary summary summary summary of the work individual work half a year summary of the work students to summarize the first half of 2007 Tax Summary Other financial summary summary summary of the school
【】
wonderful speech speech speech speech level essay competition presentation patriotic celebration of his inauguration speech speech speech speech wedding holiday party host wishes telegram speech Mr English speech competition for the meeting to speak patriotic speech Opening ceremony speech opening his inaugural speech Mr weddings presided over leadership of the word speech speech speech essay
【】
party leaders speak of the Government Administration of personnel ideological propaganda and mass organizations to speak of economic work and clean government meetings Military Law presiding rural township
】 【feelings and experiences learning experience
ideological and theoretical work experience feel about the exchange of experience teaching corporate culture essays hot this holiday season to learn
】 【Party building materials < br> apply to join the party party party building thought to apply to positive deeds of material piece of self-reported application of democratic life knowledge of party caucus training
【Common Explain your
resume writing application materials planning program rules and contractual agreements of knowledge of legal instruments civil service exam study materials
Center】 【
thesis papers thesis Administrative Law Economic Papers Papers Papers Papers theoretical articles comprehensive medical papers
【Application】
document Announcement application referrals to self-identification documents shall love letters, according to letters of Commerce graduate Zengyan Daquan classic variety show newsletter SMS
Hot Topic】 【
Science Team in the 30th anniversary of party spirit of reform and opening re-conduct the discussion of ideological emancipation Winter reform congress report 国旗下讲话 righteousness fostering new social practice, work style of cadres to rectify Eight Honors and Eight Shames two new rural construction of harmonious society Wedding Speech young law graduates practice environmental message identification book review the application of science and technology
【】
Christmas holidays New Year's Day special New Year Lantern Festival, Ching Ming Festival, May Day Arbor Day Women's Day International Nurses Day Youth Day National Day Children's Day July Eleventh Party Day Army Day August Father's Day Mother's Day Teacher's Day Valentine's Day Festival Chung Yeung Festival for the Elderly AIDS Day
career】 【posts
Mayor Mayor Mayor Mayor Mayor Secretary Director Director Chief, head of the mayor Chief secretary of the village President, Managing Director in charge director of principals and teachers monitor student president director manager president of the doctors and nurses Accounting Law Students Civil teacher Police
】 【government agencies petition the Court Prosecutor
Congress Party CPPCC National Highway Traffic Justice of Health and Public Power Chief Financial business tax advocacy group Public Water Management of Social Security Finance confidential personnel files Federation CDPF land planning agency veteran cadres of agricultural education, health, pharmaceuticals County Forest Fire Statistics Urban urban management and inspection of labor safety inspection audits quality supervision prison residency Merchants Sport price Tourism and Culture | District Office of the Police Station Zone
】 【social institutions
League mine workers will communicate real estate banking Telecom Post Radio petroleum gas plant community insurance hotel trade school tobacco children respect the property of private hospitals University Credit Union condolences to his message of party building materials, anti-corruption deeds speak on the Administrative Council of the Party Party Party building materials, economic work Eight Honors democratic society the people concerned to report the educational thinking of joining the party to apply to join the party caucus in his autobiography to positive to positive applications for a job interview counseling secretary work plan for the transfer of performance appraisal dismissal survey invitations corporate culture slogan written request for leave to work overtime and the notice of document management staff training and staff management time and attendance rules debriefing report research report on the opening report reporting the resignation of other reports of self-reported practice of reporting applications for internship report identified Report Report Report Report of career planning party planning
】 【writing template thank you letter
argumentative expository narrative appreciation of literature poetry prose fiction Practical Emotional entrance essays must see
【 ],[br> thank you advocate criticism Text guarantee a love letter written letters of appreciation Shouchao Bao SMS IOU
【】
CV CV Interview Skills self-evaluation self-described celebrity resume cover letter resume cover page resume in English written submissions
【】
experience experience experience experience experience material ideas of the work experience of the work experience to report stories of experience of book review exam Feedback
】 【types of documents commonly used in official documents
skills program rules experience in planning the program application materials contract template legal instruments
【】
paper format computer paper of Sociology of English art of medical tourism Accounting Agricultural Architectural Chemical Engineering Institute of Arts Enterprise Economic Law
【 ],[English Primary School English Primary Mathematics junior high school junior high school math middle school math high school high school English language college English teaching Kindergarten lesson plan
】 【reviews essay reviews student reviews
paper reviews teacher reviews the work of reviews
【】
wonderful speech speech speech speech level essay competition presentation patriotic celebration of his inauguration speech speech speech speech wedding holiday party host wishes telegram speech Mr English speech competition for the meeting to speak patriotic speech Opening ceremony speech opening his inaugural speech Mr weddings presided over leadership of the word speech speech speech essay
【】
party leaders speak of the Government Administration of personnel ideological propaganda and mass organizations to speak of economic work and clean government meetings Military Law presiding rural township
】 【feelings and experiences learning experience
ideological and theoretical work experience feel about the exchange of experience teaching corporate culture essays hot this holiday season to learn
】 【Party building materials < br> apply to join the party party party building thought to apply to positive deeds of material piece of self-reported application of democratic life knowledge of party caucus training
【Common Explain your
resume writing application materials planning program rules and contractual agreements of knowledge of legal instruments civil service exam study materials
Center】 【
thesis papers thesis Administrative Law Economic Papers Papers Papers Papers theoretical articles comprehensive medical papers
【Application】
document Announcement application referrals to self-identification documents shall love letters, according to letters of Commerce graduate Zengyan Daquan classic variety show newsletter SMS
Hot Topic】 【
Science Team in the 30th anniversary of party spirit of reform and opening re-conduct the discussion of ideological emancipation Winter reform congress report 国旗下讲话 righteousness fostering new social practice, work style of cadres to rectify Eight Honors and Eight Shames two new rural construction of harmonious society Wedding Speech young law graduates practice environmental message identification book review the application of science and technology
【】
Christmas holidays New Year's Day special New Year Lantern Festival, Ching Ming Festival, May Day Arbor Day Women's Day International Nurses Day Youth Day National Day Children's Day July Eleventh Party Day Army Day August Father's Day Mother's Day Teacher's Day Valentine's Day Festival Chung Yeung Festival for the Elderly AIDS Day
career】 【posts
Mayor Mayor Mayor Mayor Mayor Secretary Director Director Chief, head of the mayor Chief secretary of the village President, Managing Director in charge director of principals and teachers monitor student president director manager president of the doctors and nurses Accounting Law Students Civil teacher Police
】 【government agencies petition the Court Prosecutor
Congress Party CPPCC National Highway Traffic Justice of Health and Public Power Chief Financial business tax advocacy group Public Water Management of Social Security Finance confidential personnel files Federation CDPF land planning agency veteran cadres of agricultural education, health, pharmaceuticals County Forest Fire Statistics Urban urban management and inspection of labor safety inspection audits quality supervision prison residency Merchants Sport price Tourism and Culture | District Office of the Police Station Zone
】 【social institutions
League mine workers will communicate real estate banking Telecom Post Radio petroleum gas plant community insurance hotel trade school tobacco children respect the property of private hospitals University Credit Union condolences to his message of party building materials, anti-corruption deeds speak on the Administrative Council of the Party Party Party building materials, economic work Eight Honors democratic society the people concerned to report the educational thinking of joining the party to apply to join the party caucus in his autobiography to positive to positive applications for a job interview counseling secretary work plan for the transfer of performance appraisal dismissal survey invitations corporate culture slogan written request for leave to work overtime and the notice of document management staff training and staff management time and attendance rules debriefing report research report on the opening report reporting the resignation of other reports of self-reported practice of reporting applications for internship report identified Report Report Report Report of career planning party planning
】 【writing template thank you letter
argumentative expository narrative appreciation of literature poetry prose fiction Practical Emotional entrance essays must see
【 ],[br> thank you advocate criticism Text guarantee a love letter written letters of appreciation Shouchao Bao SMS IOU
【】
CV CV Interview Skills self-evaluation self-described celebrity resume cover letter resume cover page resume in English written submissions
【】
experience experience experience experience experience material ideas of the work experience of the work experience to report stories of experience of book review exam Feedback
】 【types of documents commonly used in official documents
skills program rules experience in planning the program application materials contract template legal instruments
【】
paper format computer paper of Sociology of English art of medical tourism Accounting Agricultural Architectural Chemical Engineering Institute of Arts Enterprise Economic Law
【 ],[English Primary School English Primary Mathematics junior high school junior high school math middle school math high school high school English language college English teaching Kindergarten lesson plan
】 【reviews essay reviews student reviews
paper reviews teacher reviews the work of reviews
Tuesday, May 3, 2011
Monday, May 2, 2011
Decided the fate , the details determine the success or failure
Decided the fate, the details determine the success or failure has been, I firmly believe: decided the fate, the details determine the success or failure. To see whether anyone can see from his personality to his fate, and we in from a person's fate can also be summed up his character. From the leaders Mao Zedong, to billionaire Li Ka-shing, to our side of a colleague, a classmate, a friend or relation, to see their character, can know their fate, to see their fate, they can be summed up character.
those open-minded, strong-willed, open-minded kind-hearted, open-minded, positive people will Cheng Kung University.
those sneaky, mean and boil on mixed day, ignorant, unambitious man-not brilliant.
everything we do, each job, are not attracted me, aim too high, should start from the front, starting from the feet to zero as a starting point, little by little, carefully, and solid, step by step to do. Every detail of work to do, lofty towers have a brick and tile ascent, must not neglect any detail.
Shanghai has a subway line (the German design and manufacturing), there is a second-line subway (our own design and manufacturing), the difference is because the details of their differences to form a fact of great different, we designed the second line when the subway started to design, and believe that some extra things, do not pay attention to those details, built in the next few years proved that caused great loss was irreversible and regret. From this point, we have to admire the German attention to detail good habits.
give an example to tell you: one, the German engineer to install machines in our factory, the installation process, the machines need to pad things, and he ran the yard, pick a piece of bricks used, the machine installation is finished, our habits may not have control of that piece of brick on. May still be out the door even if the. However, the Germans picked up the piece of brick, brick and ran back to the original pick the place, intact to take a brick back in place. The strict German fine meticulous character exposed.
It's something I have been unforgettable, often think of it, to think of the German production of shelf. And their Exclusive international automotive industry has been boiled first? In short, success depends on details!
In contrast, some of our horse Hu Hu, Taitailielie, rough Lara's work habits, some of our shoddy, counterfeit and shoddy, shoddy work product, how can you not ashamed ?
those open-minded, strong-willed, open-minded kind-hearted, open-minded, positive people will Cheng Kung University.
those sneaky, mean and boil on mixed day, ignorant, unambitious man-not brilliant.
everything we do, each job, are not attracted me, aim too high, should start from the front, starting from the feet to zero as a starting point, little by little, carefully, and solid, step by step to do. Every detail of work to do, lofty towers have a brick and tile ascent, must not neglect any detail.
Shanghai has a subway line (the German design and manufacturing), there is a second-line subway (our own design and manufacturing), the difference is because the details of their differences to form a fact of great different, we designed the second line when the subway started to design, and believe that some extra things, do not pay attention to those details, built in the next few years proved that caused great loss was irreversible and regret. From this point, we have to admire the German attention to detail good habits.
give an example to tell you: one, the German engineer to install machines in our factory, the installation process, the machines need to pad things, and he ran the yard, pick a piece of bricks used, the machine installation is finished, our habits may not have control of that piece of brick on. May still be out the door even if the. However, the Germans picked up the piece of brick, brick and ran back to the original pick the place, intact to take a brick back in place. The strict German fine meticulous character exposed.
It's something I have been unforgettable, often think of it, to think of the German production of shelf. And their Exclusive international automotive industry has been boiled first? In short, success depends on details!
In contrast, some of our horse Hu Hu, Taitailielie, rough Lara's work habits, some of our shoddy, counterfeit and shoddy, shoddy work product, how can you not ashamed ?
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
Love love you
Want to do something for you
make you happier things Fortunately, your heart
buried my name
you find time to take advantage of
pay attention to when
quietly this seed
causing fruit I think she is
more suitable for your woman I was too gentle enough
elegant and mature naive If I return to
location of friends You no longer need
difficult to be so sub-
love love you so willing to
willing to make you more happy place to fly
love love love you only let you have I was relieved
(music)
looked at her picture to your face more beautiful
also because if I cry happy
two people on the planet
can not easily meet
impossible to do I am still grateful for your Valentine
love love you so willing to
not catching up to you to fly to a place of happiness
you only makes you love love
love I have peace of mind
love love you so willing to
not catching up to you to fly to a place of happiness
you only makes you love love
love I have peace of mind
love love you so willing to
not catching up to you to fly to a place of happiness
you only makes you love love I have love, peace of mind
make you happier things Fortunately, your heart
buried my name
you find time to take advantage of
pay attention to when
quietly this seed
causing fruit I think she is
more suitable for your woman I was too gentle enough
elegant and mature naive If I return to
location of friends You no longer need
difficult to be so sub-
love love you so willing to
willing to make you more happy place to fly
love love love you only let you have I was relieved
(music)
looked at her picture to your face more beautiful
also because if I cry happy
two people on the planet
can not easily meet
impossible to do I am still grateful for your Valentine
love love you so willing to
not catching up to you to fly to a place of happiness
you only makes you love love
love I have peace of mind
love love you so willing to
not catching up to you to fly to a place of happiness
you only makes you love love
love I have peace of mind
love love you so willing to
not catching up to you to fly to a place of happiness
you only makes you love love I have love, peace of mind
Tuesday, April 19, 2011
Finally driving test it!
Driving test this morning, finally went to the ( test traffic rules ), I actually took the test 100, the person next to jump. Will be able to take on the driver's license a few months , hehe
hereby pay a limerick :
examination Poetries
examination room scene ,
float thousands of miles of paper ,
Miles eyes cast a glance .
look both inside and outside the classroom ,
scenery is very good ,
whisper ,
each gesture ,
desire and the examiner in stature ;
need to Japan ,
papers to see results He
mutual interaction hi .
unfortunately stereotyped were admitted ,
Yaotouhuangnao .
rote ,
really very worried.
Genghis ,
push the matter ,
cheating out of merit.
all carry on ,
few romantic master ,
also see today.
hereby pay a limerick :
examination Poetries
examination room scene ,
float thousands of miles of paper ,
Miles eyes cast a glance .
look both inside and outside the classroom ,
scenery is very good ,
whisper ,
each gesture ,
desire and the examiner in stature ;
need to Japan ,
papers to see results He
mutual interaction hi .
unfortunately stereotyped were admitted ,
Yaotouhuangnao .
rote ,
really very worried.
Genghis ,
push the matter ,
cheating out of merit.
all carry on ,
few romantic master ,
also see today.
Monday, April 11, 2011
Cattle ruling trick bank employees a bad attitude !
Cattle ruling trick bank employees a bad attitude! one change
brother told me to replace it 50 married 20 rounds of small red envelopes with rmb.
took to the bank for 1k, nb is extremely bad attitude, said, I am very ferocious asked, Card said
nb said, element to me ,****!!!< br>
Second, why call the CCB
**** just go to the hospital next to the line of withdrawals, ATM machine in front of many people, we the sun are in the queue.
but strange thing is inside the operating room has only one customer.,
so I went to a window on the length of the staff who die like a dog that take 800.
said the man did get out of the ATM, I asked him why the card can not be taken at the counter?
5000, he said the following are taken to the ATM machine, saying it was to save time improve the efficiency, diversion, and I was stupid, split?
I asked him, now ranked outside the old ATM queue length, there is not a person, which saves what efficiency? Which file
5000 the following provisions can not be taken at the counter? Other banks can!
**** that dog thing is the file the line, I said show me! He can not even come out, anyway, is not to take.
I looked at the sun in the queue of people outside, look inside to read the newspapers blowing air-conditioned S 13 who do not fight a gas, the decision on the whole I
a whole him.
I said yes, then take 5000! When he had finished, the 5000 to me, I got a hundred, that stored 100!
teller machines can not save money, so he do. Waiting for him after finishing the 100 block, let me show the 100, that deposit 100!
The dog first thing that you can not keep complete it?
I said I made my own documents provided, you can only save 100, how to, no good? I once put 100, a memory 100.
slowly around the perimeter of a lot of supporters, everyone says that doing good!
immediately next to it was also like me to work.
out the last of their leadership, self assertive and said: Do you disrupt the financial order, I call the police. .
I said I was saving ah, the bank is not the place to save money? You have documented can not keep a hundred? Show me!
Next to a lot of people support me, loudly accusing them. What kind of leadership that last
say sorry, in future we will improve the working methods. Convenient for everyone, and so on and so .......< br>
when I turned away, told him that now I know why you are building the line, because you are ****!< br >
Third, China Merchants Bank **
2 days ago I went to China Merchants Bank to take money (for the company taken), the results point are found in counterfeit copy of the 100, because they are learning accounting professional plus case occurred prior to the Company (the money made from the bank to get a good salary, it was found to have fake copy), so his special attention. After that, I said to the counter lady: Miss, you have this money problem.
Miss: What problem?
I said: fake
Miss: No, you left the counter.
I was on fire: your eyes have problems ah? Which your eyes I left the counter now?
So I had an argument with her then, attitudes may be bad friends, as if I deliberately put the money for like, my sharp-tongued ~
I said: Your copy machine inspection Is there problem ah? False alarm is not copied in the past ah? So good, we alarm at
reason ~ not to say that playing 110 ** What ~!
when banks have noisy hubbub of the Governor of the Bank came out ~ ~ do not ask my training and preparation the first time ~
sentence: you leave the counter of the cutting? Leave the counter can not prove it false copy is issued to us! Royal Baltic
I! I was ridiculous to think: he is out to solve the problem it? 2, then do not say put the blame on clean Caesar ~ you to look up how to do it this time ~
Bank started a little You see how a solution? You mentioned a program.
I was also a drop of gas a little bit dizzy, without thinking: a fine of 10! blurted out ~
Bank President: 1 lose 10, it is unlikely, or so be it, how to make a fold? forget ~ I thought the results of the last to take the money against the governor and the counter lady said: You better future Remember this face, do not play any I Yingchu the door ~
Fourth, ABC's vip
from a few months ago, Hohhot Agricultural Bank of China put forward a vip window, only for 5w yuan business. Once I 1w want to take money, a small row of long windows of the team, vip window empty, I went to the window to do vip, the staff asked me to withdraw, I said to take 1w, she directly said, 5w following services to small the amount of the window line. I said, I take 6w, she said, 6w can, give my 6w cash, I took a w, 5w and plug the rest of the back and said: I keep
< br> 5w. fainted staff directly.
five, all withdrawals and once in a
ICBC, the Appropriations Party 到账 a 140w, I shall go to the bank to do . because there is no working line card, I intend to do cards save money to turn up, the results of the staff actually said, do want to copy ID cards, their photocopier, go to my own copy. I rage, saying, come on not saved, 140w all withdrawals! you our program tonight, tomorrow I'll get! bank's business director at that time his face had changed, and then, a little girl smiling and said: You used the ID card, I'll give you copy, you wait a while... ah, then feel psychological to balance...
have seen here since the trouble you back a stick it, and I congratulate you Fat Choi!
brother told me to replace it 50 married 20 rounds of small red envelopes with rmb.
took to the bank for 1k, nb is extremely bad attitude, said, I am very ferocious asked, Card said
nb said, element to me ,****!!!< br>
Second, why call the CCB
**** just go to the hospital next to the line of withdrawals, ATM machine in front of many people, we the sun are in the queue.
but strange thing is inside the operating room has only one customer.,
so I went to a window on the length of the staff who die like a dog that take 800.
said the man did get out of the ATM, I asked him why the card can not be taken at the counter?
5000, he said the following are taken to the ATM machine, saying it was to save time improve the efficiency, diversion, and I was stupid, split?
I asked him, now ranked outside the old ATM queue length, there is not a person, which saves what efficiency? Which file
5000 the following provisions can not be taken at the counter? Other banks can!
**** that dog thing is the file the line, I said show me! He can not even come out, anyway, is not to take.
I looked at the sun in the queue of people outside, look inside to read the newspapers blowing air-conditioned S 13 who do not fight a gas, the decision on the whole I
a whole him.
I said yes, then take 5000! When he had finished, the 5000 to me, I got a hundred, that stored 100!
teller machines can not save money, so he do. Waiting for him after finishing the 100 block, let me show the 100, that deposit 100!
The dog first thing that you can not keep complete it?
I said I made my own documents provided, you can only save 100, how to, no good? I once put 100, a memory 100.
slowly around the perimeter of a lot of supporters, everyone says that doing good!
immediately next to it was also like me to work.
out the last of their leadership, self assertive and said: Do you disrupt the financial order, I call the police. .
I said I was saving ah, the bank is not the place to save money? You have documented can not keep a hundred? Show me!
Next to a lot of people support me, loudly accusing them. What kind of leadership that last
say sorry, in future we will improve the working methods. Convenient for everyone, and so on and so .......< br>
when I turned away, told him that now I know why you are building the line, because you are ****!< br >
Third, China Merchants Bank **
2 days ago I went to China Merchants Bank to take money (for the company taken), the results point are found in counterfeit copy of the 100, because they are learning accounting professional plus case occurred prior to the Company (the money made from the bank to get a good salary, it was found to have fake copy), so his special attention. After that, I said to the counter lady: Miss, you have this money problem.
Miss: What problem?
I said: fake
Miss: No, you left the counter.
I was on fire: your eyes have problems ah? Which your eyes I left the counter now?
So I had an argument with her then, attitudes may be bad friends, as if I deliberately put the money for like, my sharp-tongued ~
I said: Your copy machine inspection Is there problem ah? False alarm is not copied in the past ah? So good, we alarm at
reason ~ not to say that playing 110 ** What ~!
when banks have noisy hubbub of the Governor of the Bank came out ~ ~ do not ask my training and preparation the first time ~
sentence: you leave the counter of the cutting? Leave the counter can not prove it false copy is issued to us! Royal Baltic
I! I was ridiculous to think: he is out to solve the problem it? 2, then do not say put the blame on clean Caesar ~ you to look up how to do it this time ~
Bank started a little You see how a solution? You mentioned a program.
I was also a drop of gas a little bit dizzy, without thinking: a fine of 10! blurted out ~
Bank President: 1 lose 10, it is unlikely, or so be it, how to make a fold? forget ~ I thought the results of the last to take the money against the governor and the counter lady said: You better future Remember this face, do not play any I Yingchu the door ~
Fourth, ABC's vip
from a few months ago, Hohhot Agricultural Bank of China put forward a vip window, only for 5w yuan business. Once I 1w want to take money, a small row of long windows of the team, vip window empty, I went to the window to do vip, the staff asked me to withdraw, I said to take 1w, she directly said, 5w following services to small the amount of the window line. I said, I take 6w, she said, 6w can, give my 6w cash, I took a w, 5w and plug the rest of the back and said: I keep
< br> 5w. fainted staff directly.
five, all withdrawals and once in a
ICBC, the Appropriations Party 到账 a 140w, I shall go to the bank to do . because there is no working line card, I intend to do cards save money to turn up, the results of the staff actually said, do want to copy ID cards, their photocopier, go to my own copy. I rage, saying, come on not saved, 140w all withdrawals! you our program tonight, tomorrow I'll get! bank's business director at that time his face had changed, and then, a little girl smiling and said: You used the ID card, I'll give you copy, you wait a while... ah, then feel psychological to balance...
have seen here since the trouble you back a stick it, and I congratulate you Fat Choi!
Tuesday, April 5, 2011
Feel bad boy of the 13 ways girls ( boys must see )
When you love a girl, we must remember always said to her: I love you. No matter how many times have said, whether it is her first few hundred times to ask you words or feel redundant.
2, if you do not love her, let her. Do not care for her in vain and enjoy the gentle, and then casually looking for other girls, we found that after the break up, or simply another dating another girl.
3, in your friend and her friends do not always line up in front of a pair of big men dictated to look. Girls are willing to take care of you, you meet the big man on the
4, you promised her something and then have to be small. Girls want to have a strong dependence shoulder, want to tell you her all, but even small things if you do not, how is she to rely on you? When she said some things that you do not not going to blame or indifference, that she trusted you how to tell you truth?
5, do not always get along when you play games or on the computer. When you're enjoying themselves, she may have felt left out, and you only pay attention to with your computer.
6, the girls always have a few days is the period, that time is not a rational control. No matter how she hysterical, unreasonable, and moody, you have to cajole her accommodate her. Never show displeasure and impatience.
7, do not always aspire to say that four concubines to three wives, said the ancient man really happy Yeah, that they want three rows. She only you as her, I hope you put her as the only. You often say, she can rest assured that you will go to sister sister, Hupenggouyou it? Do not always praise in front of her confidante, not to another woman was also concerned for her well. Women are sensitive to animals, she was not not trust you, she only cares about you too, hope you can be the same.
8, not always in front of her face staring at other girls, do not always go to admire the beauty of others. Or why can not you how to be. I hope you love a girl that she looks like now, I hope he is the most beautiful and sexy in your heart the most important love the most.
9, virtuous girl and then again regardless of motherhood, but what is a child. Do not always how you want her sake, how much will be considerate of your feelings, how to you as the center. She also hopes to willful like children, want to have people pet her like a pet like a child love her, take care of her concern for her, not just like a child from her care and tolerance.
10, wrong thing, hurt her to be recognized and action to her Pei Bushi. Occasionally put down the so-called man's face, can warm the hearts of her injuries. Do not say or commit to change the next time, she can forgive the occasional error, but can not tolerate same mistake again.
11, in her fragile, when in a bad mood care of her helpless in her panic when he supported her guidance. Love healthy and confident, she also loves her helpless suffering, and not just ask her the best side to you. No one is perfect, share her shortcomings, her tolerance, not just the accused, not in her silence is most needed when you do not care. Do her hero, her prince, her knight.
12, never to betray. Do not want to
13, give her a real sense of security, not necessarily marriage. But: rich and poor, healthy or disease, love dependence, stubbornly persists until death do us part.
2, if you do not love her, let her. Do not care for her in vain and enjoy the gentle, and then casually looking for other girls, we found that after the break up, or simply another dating another girl.
3, in your friend and her friends do not always line up in front of a pair of big men dictated to look. Girls are willing to take care of you, you meet the big man on the
4, you promised her something and then have to be small. Girls want to have a strong dependence shoulder, want to tell you her all, but even small things if you do not, how is she to rely on you? When she said some things that you do not not going to blame or indifference, that she trusted you how to tell you truth?
5, do not always get along when you play games or on the computer. When you're enjoying themselves, she may have felt left out, and you only pay attention to with your computer.
6, the girls always have a few days is the period, that time is not a rational control. No matter how she hysterical, unreasonable, and moody, you have to cajole her accommodate her. Never show displeasure and impatience.
7, do not always aspire to say that four concubines to three wives, said the ancient man really happy Yeah, that they want three rows. She only you as her, I hope you put her as the only. You often say, she can rest assured that you will go to sister sister, Hupenggouyou it? Do not always praise in front of her confidante, not to another woman was also concerned for her well. Women are sensitive to animals, she was not not trust you, she only cares about you too, hope you can be the same.
8, not always in front of her face staring at other girls, do not always go to admire the beauty of others. Or why can not you how to be. I hope you love a girl that she looks like now, I hope he is the most beautiful and sexy in your heart the most important love the most.
9, virtuous girl and then again regardless of motherhood, but what is a child. Do not always how you want her sake, how much will be considerate of your feelings, how to you as the center. She also hopes to willful like children, want to have people pet her like a pet like a child love her, take care of her concern for her, not just like a child from her care and tolerance.
10, wrong thing, hurt her to be recognized and action to her Pei Bushi. Occasionally put down the so-called man's face, can warm the hearts of her injuries. Do not say or commit to change the next time, she can forgive the occasional error, but can not tolerate same mistake again.
11, in her fragile, when in a bad mood care of her helpless in her panic when he supported her guidance. Love healthy and confident, she also loves her helpless suffering, and not just ask her the best side to you. No one is perfect, share her shortcomings, her tolerance, not just the accused, not in her silence is most needed when you do not care. Do her hero, her prince, her knight.
12, never to betray. Do not want to
13, give her a real sense of security, not necessarily marriage. But: rich and poor, healthy or disease, love dependence, stubbornly persists until death do us part.
Wednesday, March 30, 2011
All finishing high school physics formulas , we need the best on him.
Comprehensive physical formula super! ! ! Useful to say ~ ~ ~ (according to the order of our physics lessons) -
1) uniform speed linear motion -
1. the average speed V flat = s / t (defined) 2. a useful corollary Vt2-Vo2 = 2as -
3. middle of the speed Vt / 2 = V flat = (Vt + Vo) / 2 4. terminal velocity Vt = Vo + at -
5. the middle position, velocity Vs / 2 = [(Vo2 + Vt2) / 2] 1 / 2 6. displacement s = V level t = Vot + at2 / 2 = Vt/2t -
7. acceleration a = (Vt-Vo) / t {to Vo as the positive direction, a and Vo in the same direction (acceleration) a> 0; back then a <0} -
8. experimental inference Δs = aT2 {Δs adjacent consecutive equal time (T) the difference between the displacement} -
Note: -
(1) average velocity is a vector; -
(2) a large object velocity and acceleration are not necessarily large; -
(3) a = (Vt-Vo) / t is measured style, not determined pattern; -
2) free fall -
1. the initial speed of Vo = 0 2. terminal velocity Vt = gt -
3. drop height h = gt2 / 2 (down from the position calculated Vo) 4. inference Vt2 = 2gh -
(3) vertical up throwing -
1. displacement s = Vot-gt2 / 2 2. terminal velocity Vt = Vo-gt (g = 9.8m/s2 ≈ 10m/s2) -
3. a useful corollary Vt2-Vo2 =- 2gs 4. increase the maximum height Hm = Vo2/2g (throw point counting) -
5. from time t = 2Vo / g (from a throw back to the original location down the time) -
1) flat Projectile Motion -
1. horizontal speed: Vx = Vo 2. vertical speed: Vy = gt -
3. horizontal displacement: x = Vot 4. vertical displacement: y = gt2 / 2 -
5. exercise time t = (2y / g) 1 / 2 (usually also said to (2h / g) 1 / 2) -
6. combined speed Vt = (Vx2 + Vy2) 1 / 2 = [Vo2 + (gt) 2] 1 / 2 -
direction and velocity of horizontal angle β: tgβ = Vy / Vx = gt/V0 -
7. joint displacement: s = (x2 + y2) 1 / 2, -
displacement angle between the direction and level of α: tgα = y / x = gt/2Vo -
8. horizontal acceleration: ax = 0; vertical acceleration: ay = g -
2) uniform circular motion -
1. linear velocity V = s / t = 2πr / T 2. angular velocity ω = Φ / t = 2π / T = 2πf -
3. centripetal acceleration a = V2 / r = ω2r = (2π / T) 2r 4. centripetal force F center = mV2 / r = mω2r = mr (2π / T) 2 = mωv = F co - p>
5. cycle and frequency: T = 1 / f 6. the relationship between angular velocity and linear velocity: V = ωr -
7. the relationship between angular velocity and rotational speed ω = 2πn (here meaning the same frequency and speed) -
3) gravity -
1. Kepler's third law: T2/R3 = K (= 4π2/GM) {R: orbital radius, T: period, K: constant (nothing to do with the planet's mass, depending on the quality of the central body)} -
2. law of universal gravitation: F = Gm1m2/r2 (G = 6.67 × 10-11N? m2/kg2, the direction in which the connection) -
3. celestial body gravity and the acceleration of gravity: GMm/R2 = mg; g = GM/R2 {R: object radius (m), M: celestial body mass (kg)} -
4. satellite orbiting speed, angular velocity, cycle: V = (GM / r) 1 / 2; ω = (GM/r3) 1 / 2; T = 2π (r3/GM) 1 / 2 {M: central body mass} -
5. The first (second, third) speed of the universe V1 = (g to r to) 1 / 2 = (GM / r in) 1 / 2 = 7.9km / s; V2 = 11.2km / s; V3 = 16.7km / s -
6. geostationary satellite GMm / (r to + h) 2 = m4π2 (r to + h) / T2 {h ≈ 36000km, h: the height from the Earth's surface, r to: the radius of the Earth} - / p>
Note: -
(1) the centripetal force required for movement of celestial objects provided by the gravitation, F = F million to; -
(2) application of the law of gravity can estimate the object's mass and density; -
(3) Geostationary satellites can only run on the equator, running the same cycle and Earth's rotation period; -
(4) satellite orbital radius decreases, smaller potential energy, kinetic energy becomes larger, the speed becomes larger, the cycle becomes smaller (with three anti-); -
(5) surround the Earth's largest satellite launch speed and minimum speed are 7.9km / s. -
1) common power -
1. gravity G = mg (the direction of straight down, g = 9.8m/s2 ≈ 10m/s2, the role of point in the center of gravity for the Earth's surface around) -
2. Hooke's Law F = kx {direction along the direction of recovery deformation, k: stiffness (N / m), x: type variable (m)} -
3. sliding friction force F = μFN {relative motion in the opposite direction and the object, μ: friction coefficient, FN: positive pressure (N)} -
4. Static Static friction 0 ≤ f ≤ fm (objects in relative motion with trend in the opposite direction, fm is the maximum static friction) -
5. gravitation F = Gm1m2/r2 (G = 6.67 × 10-11N? m2/kg2, the direction in which the connection) -
6. Static Electricity F = kQ1Q2/r2 (k = 9.0 × 109N? m2/C2, the direction in which the connection) -
7. electric force F = Eq (E: field strength N / C, q: charge C, is charged by the electric field force and field strength in the same direction) -
8. Ampere force F = BILsinθ (θ is the angle between B and L, the time when the L ⊥ B: F = BIL, B / / L time: F = 0) -
9. Lorentz force f = qVBsinθ (θ is the angle between B and V, the time when the V ⊥ B: f = qVB, V / / B Time: f = 0) -
2) force composition and decomposition -
1. the same line with the composition of forces: F = F1 + F2, reverse: F = F1-F2 (F1> F2) -
2. each angled composition of forces: -
F = (F12 + F22 +2 F1F2cosα) 1 / 2 (cosine law) F1 ⊥ F2 time: F = (F12 + F22) 1 / 2 -
3. force size range: | F1-F2 | ≤ F ≤ | F1 + F2 | -
4. force orthogonal decomposition: Fx = Fcosβ, Fy = Fsinβ (β together with the x-axis is the angle between the tgβ = Fy / Fx) -
four, dynamics (motion and force) -
1. Newton's first law of motion (inertia): objects with inertia, keeping the total state of uniform linear motion or rest until the external force it to change this state so far -
2. Newton's second law of motion: F = ma or a co-co-a = F / ma {determined by a force, force direction and cooperation} -
3. Newton's third law of motion: F =- F '{negative sign indicates the opposite direction, F, F' respective roles in each other, balance, and reaction force difference between the actual application: recoil motion} -
4. a total balance of the point force F co = 0, promotion {orthogonal decomposition, the three forces intersect principle} -
5. Overweight: FN> G, weightlessness: FN < are - overweight} upward, acceleration loss, weight direction, downward {acceleration>
6. Newton's laws of motion applicable conditions: low speed for solving the problem, for macroscopic objects, not to deal with high-speed problem, does not apply to microscopic particles -
five, vibration and wave (mechanical vibration and mechanical vibration transmission) -
1. harmonic vibration F =- kx {F: restoring force, k: scale factor, x: displacement, the negative sign indicates the direction of F and x is always negative} -
2. pendulum period T = 2π (l / g) 1 / 2 {l: pendulum length (m), g: acceleration due to gravity value of the local establishment of conditions: the swing angle θ <100; l>> r} -
3. forced vibration characteristics: f = f driver -
4. resonance conditions: f = f solid driving force, A = max, to prevent resonance and application -
6. velocity v = s / t = λf = λ / T {wave propagation process, a cycle of forward propagation of a wave; velocity size is determined by the media itself} -
7. acoustic wave velocity (in air) 0 ℃: 332m / s; 20 ℃: 344m / s; 30 ℃: 349m / s; (Sound waves are longitudinal waves) -
8. wave obvious diffraction (wave continues to spread around obstacles or holes) conditions: the size of obstructions or holes smaller than the wavelength or less the same -
9. wave interference conditions: the same two wave frequency (a difference of constant amplitude similar vibration in the same direction) -
Note: -
(1) the natural frequency and amplitude objects, driving force independent of frequency, depending on the vibration of the system itself; -
(2) the vibration wave propagation only, the medium itself does not move with wave occurs, is a form of energy transfer; -
(3) is the Potter, some interference and diffraction; -
1. Momentum: p = mv {p: momentum (kg / s), m: mass (kg), v: velocity (m / s), direction and speed in the same direction} -
3. Impulse: I = Ft {I: Impulse (N? s), F: Constant (N), t: the role of force time (s), the direction determined by the F} -
4. momentum theorem: I = Δp or Ft = mvtmvo {Δp: change in momentum Δp = mvtmvo, is a vector-type} -
5. momentum conservation law: p = p after the former general, or p = p''can also be m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1 '+ m2v2' -
6. elastic collision: Δp = 0; ΔEk = 0 {the system momentum and kinetic energy are conserved} -
7. non-elastic collision Δp = 0; 0 <ΔEK <ΔEKm {ΔEK: the loss of kinetic energy, EKm: The maximum loss of kinetic energy} -
8. completely inelastic collision Δp = 0; ΔEK = ΔEKm {together after hitting into a whole} -
9. objects to v1 the initial velocity of m1 and m2 stationary object is the elastic collision: -
v1 '= (m1-m2) v1 / (m1 + m2) v2' = 2m1v1 / (m1 + m2) -
10. inferences from 9 ----- so the quality was on collisions when the two flexible exchange rate (kinetic energy conservation, momentum conservation) -
11. bullet horizontal velocity vo m still in a horizontal smooth surface launched into a long block M, which is embedded with the movement of the mechanical energy loss -
E loss = mvo2/2- (M + m) vt2 / 2 = fs relative {vt: a common speed, f: resistance, s relative to the displacement of the bullet is relatively long block} -
1. Power: W = Fscosα (defined type) {W: function (J), F: Constant (N), s: displacement (m), α: F, s} the angle between the - / p>
2. gravity acting: Wab = mghab {m: the mass, g = 9.8m/s2 ≈ 10m/s2, hab: a and b the height difference (hab = ha-hb)} -
3. electric force acting: Wab = qUab {q: charge (C), Uab: a and b between the potential difference (V) that Uab = φa-φb} -
4. Electric power: W = UIt (universal type) {U: voltage (V), I: current (A), t: power-on time (s)} -
5. Power: P = W / t (defined type) {P: power [watts (W)], W: t time, the work done (J), t: time spent doing work (s)} - ;
6. vehicle traction power: P = Fv; P level = Fv level {P: instantaneous power, P level: average power} -
7. car to start the constant power to constant acceleration start, car maximum speed (vmax = P Amount / f) -
8. Electric power: P = UI (universal type) {U: circuit voltage (V), I: circuit current (A)} -
9. Joule's law: Q = I2Rt {Q: electric (J), I: current intensity (A), R: resistance value (Ω), t: power-on time (s)} -
10. pure resistance circuit, I = U / R; P = UI = U2 / R = I2R; Q = W = UIt = U2t / R = I2Rt -
11. kinetic energy: Ek = mv2 / 2 {Ek: kinetic energy (J), m: body mass (kg), v: instantaneous velocity of the object (m / s)} -
12. gravitational potential energy: EP = mgh {EP: gravitational potential energy (J), g: acceleration due to gravity, h: vertical height (m) (starting from zero potential energy surface)} -
13. electrical potential energy: EA = qφA {EA: A charged body at the point of electric potential energy (J), q: charge (C), φA: A point of potential (V) (starting from zero potential energy surface)} -
14. kinetic energy theorem (the object does positive work, increasing the kinetic energy of the object): -
W or W co = mvt2/2-mvo2/2 co = ΔEK -
{W together: the total force on the object to do work, ΔEK: kinetic energy ΔEK = (mvt2/2-mvo2/2)} -
15. mechanical energy conservation law: ΔE = 0 or EK1 + EP1 = EK2 + EP2 also can be mv12 / 2 + mgh1 = mv22 / 2 + mgh2 -
16. gravity acting with the changes in gravitational potential energy (gravity acting is equal to the negative incremental gravitational potential energy of the object) WG =- ΔEP -
Note: -
(1) power level, said the speed of doing work, doing work that energy into the number of how many; -
(2) O0 ≤ α <90O to do positive work; 90O <α ≤ 180O do negative work; α = 90o do no work (the direction of force and the displacement (velocity) direction perpendicular to the force do no work); - / p>
(3) gravity (elastic, electric force, molecular force) to do positive work, the gravity (elastic, electric, molecular) potential reduction -
(4) electric force of gravity acting and acting are nothing to do with the path (see 2,3-two-type); (5) the establishment of conditions of conservation of mechanical energy: In addition to gravity (elastic) forces do no work outside the other, but between kinetic and potential energy conversion; (6) can be converted to other units: 1kWh (degrees) = 3.6 × 106J, 1eV = 1.60 × 10-19J; * (7) spring elastic potential energy E = kx2 / 2, and the stiffness and deformation on . -
eight, molecular kinetic theory, energy conservation -
1. Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 × 1023/mol; molecular diameter of magnitude 10-10 m -
2. film method to measure molecular diameter d = V / s {V: volume of single-molecule film (m3), S: film surface area (m) 2} -
3. Molecular Kinetic Theory of Content: the material is composed of large molecules; a large number of molecular thermal motion of no rule to do; interaction between the molecules. -
4. intermolecular attraction and repulsion (1) r < as - force repulsive performance molecular F exclusion,
(2) r = r0, f = f exclusion argument, F molecular force = 0, E potential energy = Emin (min) -
(3) r> r0, f cited> f exclusion, F molecular force performance of gravity -
(4) r> 10r0, f = f cited exclusion ≈ 0, F molecular force ≈ 0, E potential energy ≈ 0 -
5. thermodynamics first law of W + Q = ΔU {(acting and heat transfer, both within the object can change the way, in effect, is equivalent), -
W: external positive work done on the object (J), Q: heat absorbed by the object (J), ΔU: the increase in internal energy (J), relating to the first perpetual motion machine can not create - p>
7. Third Law of Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics zero temperature limit is not reached {the universe: -273.15 degrees Celsius (thermodynamic zero)} -
Note: -
(1) Brownian particle is not a molecule, Brown, the smaller the particles, Brownian motion, the more obvious the higher the temperature the more intense; -
(2) temperature is the average kinetic energy of molecular mark; -
3) attraction and repulsion between molecules exist, with the intermolecular distance decreases, but the repulsive force decreases faster than gravity; -
(4) molecular force does positive work, the molecular potential energy decreases, cited in F = F r0 at the exclusion and the potential energy minimum; -
(5) gas expansion, the outside world to do negative work on the gas W <0; temperature, internal energy increase ΔU> 0; absorb heat, Q> 0 -
(6) the internal energy of the object is the object of all the elements the sum of kinetic and potential energy, intermolecular forces for the ideal gas is zero, potential energy is zero; -
(7) r0 for the molecule in the equilibrium state, the distance between molecules; -
ten, the electric field -
1. two kinds of charge, charge conservation law, per charge: (e = 1.60 × 10-19C); charged body charge equal to an integer multiple of per charge -
2. Coulomb's Law: F = kQ1Q2/r2 (in vacuum) {F: the force between point charges (N), k: electrostatic constant k = 9.0 × 109N? m2/C2, Q1, Q2: two charges of electricity (C), r: the distance between two charges (m), the direction in which the connection, action and reaction, like charges repel each other, and dissimilar charges attract each other} - / p>
3. electric field: E = F / q (defined type, formula) {E: electric field strength (N / C), is the vector (electric field superposition principle), q: charge of electricity test (C)} -
4. vacuum point (source) to form the electric field charge E = kQ/r2 {r: location of the source charge to the distance (m), Q: source charge of electricity} -
5. Uniform electric field strength E = UAB / d {UAB: AB between two voltage (V), d: AB the distance between two points in the direction of the field intensity (m)} -
6. electric force: F = qE {F: electric force (N), q: charge by the electric force of electricity (C), E: electric field strength (N / C)} -
7. electric potential and potential difference: UAB = φA-φB, UAB = WAB / q =- ΔEAB / q -
8. electric force acting: WAB = qUAB = Eqd {WAB: A to B by a charged body electric force when the work done (J), q: with charge (C), UAB: the electric field in the A, B two potential difference between points (V) (electric force acting path independent), E: uniform electric field strength, d: two points the distance along the field direction (m)} -
9. electrical potential energy: EA = qφA {EA: A charged body at the point of electric potential energy (J), q: charge (C), φA: A point of potential (V)} -
10. electrical potential changes in ΔEAB = EB-EA {charged body position in the electric field from A to B position, electrical potential difference} -
11. electric force acting with the electric potential energy ΔEAB =- WAB =- qUAB (the incremental electric potential energy is equal to the electric force acting in the negative) -
12. capacitance C = Q / U (defined type, formula) {C: capacitance (F), Q: charge (C), U: voltage (potential difference between two plates) (V)} -
13. parallel plate capacitor C = εS/4πkd (S: two plates are on the area, d: vertical distance between two plates, ω: k) -
14. charged particles accelerated in an electric field (Vo = 0): W = ΔEK or qU = mVt2 / 2, Vt = (2qU / m) 1 / 2 -
15. charged particles along the direction perpendicular to the electric field in order to speed Vo into the deflection when the uniform electric field (not considering the case of gravity) -
flat vertical electric field type: uniform motion L = Vot (heterogeneous in charge with the same amount in the parallel plates: E = U / d) -
projectile motion parallel to the direction of electric field: initial velocity of zero uniformly accelerated linear motion d = at2 / 2, a = F / m = qE / m -
Note: -
(1) two identical charged metal ball contact, the power distribution law: first, the original tapes and in heterogeneous charge after the split, the original charge with the same amount of split; -
(2) electric field line starting from the termination of the positive charge on the negative charge, electric field lines do not intersect, the tangent direction to the direction of field strength, electric field line density at the field strength along the field lines becoming less and less electric potential, electric field lines and so on potential vertically; -
(3) common requirements of the electric field distribution of the electric field lines memorized 〔Figure [Volume P98]; -
(4) electric field (vector) and the electric potential (scalar) determined by the electric field itself, while the electric force and electric potential energy body also charged with the electricity and charge the number of positive and negative about; -
(5) in the electrostatic potential of Conductor is a body such as the surface is equipotential surface, the outer surface of the conductor near the surface of the electric field lines perpendicular to the conductor, conductor internal compliance field is zero, no net charge inside the conductor, the net charge only located in the outer surface of the conductor; -
(6) Capacitance unit conversion: 1F = 106μF = 1012PF; -
(7) electron volts (eV) is the unit of energy, 1eV = 1.60 × 10-19J; -
XI, constant current -
1. current intensity: I = q / t {I: current intensity (A), q: t at the time contained within a horizontal plane through the conductor of electricity (C), t: time (s)} -
2. Ohm's Law: I = U / R {I: conductor current intensity (A), U: voltage across the conductor (V), R: conductor resistance (Ω)} -
3. Resistance, Resistance Law: R = ρL / S {ρ: resistivity (Ω? m), L: length of conductor (m), S: conductor cross-sectional area (m2)} -
4. closed electric Lu Oumu Law: I = E / (r + R) or E = Ir + IR can also be E = U + U within the outside -
{I: total current in the circuit (A), E: electromotive force (V), R: the external circuit resistance (Ω), r: source resistance (Ω)} -
5. electric power and electrical power: W = UIt, P = UI {W: electric power (J), U: voltage (V), I: current (A), t: time (s), P: electrical power (W)} -
6. Joule's law: Q = I2Rt {Q: electric (J), I: current through the conductor (A), R: conductor resistance (Ω), t: power-on time (s)} - < / p>
7. pure resistance circuit: Since I = U / R, W = Q, so W = Q = UIt = I2Rt = U2t / R -
8. the power of total fixed rate, power output, power efficiency: P total = IE, P out = IU, η = P out / P Total {I: circuit total current (A), E: electromotive force (V ), U: Road-side voltage (V), η: power efficiency} -
9. Circuit series / parallel series circuit (P, U and R is proportional to) parallel circuit (P, I and R is inversely proportional to) -
electrical resistance (in collusion with and against) R series = R1 + R2 + R3 + 1 / R and = 1/R1 +1 / R2 +1 / R3 + -
current relationship I always = I1 = I2 = I3 I and = I1 + I2 + I3 + -
The total voltage relationship U = U1 + U2 + U3 + U total = U1 = U2 = U3 -
power allocation P total = P1 + P2 + P3 + P total = P1 + P2 + P3 + -
10. ohmmeter resistance measurement -
(1) circuit (2) measuring principle -
two tables document shorted, adjust the meter pointer over partial Ro may -
Ig = E / (r + Rg + Ro) -
After the measured resistance Rx access the current through the meter -
Ix = E / (r + Rg + Ro + Rx) = E / (R in + Rx) -
corresponding to the Ix and Rx, it can indicate the size of the measured resistance -
(3) use: mechanical zero, select the range, zero ohms, measurement readings {Note gear (ratio)}, call off block. -
(4) Note: The measurement of resistance, to break the original circuit, select the range of the pointer near the center of each shift to re-zero ohm short circuit. -
11. TESTING RESISTANCE -
ammeter in connection: -
voltage indicates the number of: U = UR + UA -
external ammeter method: -
said current number: I = IR + IV -
Rx measurements = U / I = (UA + UR) / IR = RA + Rx> R true -
Rx measurements = U / I = UR / (IR + IV) = RVRx / (RV + R) < - s>
selected circuit conditions Rx>> RA [or Rx> (RARV) 1 / 2] -
selected circuit conditions Rx << - 2] 1 <(RARV) Rx [or>
12. sliding rheostat in the circuit connection and limiting partial pressure connection -
limiting connection -
voltage adjustment range is small, simple circuit, low power consumption -
easy to adjust the voltage of the selection criteria Rp> Rx -
voltage regulation range, circuit complexity, power dissipation -
easy to adjust the voltage of the selection criteria Rp < ->
Note 1) unit conversion: 1A = 103mA = 106μA; 1kV = 103V = 106mA; 1MΩ = 103kΩ = 106Ω -
(2) the resistivity of various materials are changes with temperature, the metal resistivity with increasing temperature; -
(3) the total series resistance is greater than any sub-resistance, parallel resistance is less than any of the points of total resistance; -
(4) When the power supply internal resistance, the external circuit resistance increases, the total current decreases, the road-side voltage increases; -
(5) When the external circuit resistance is equal to the power resistor, power supply maximum output power, this time the output power E2 / (2r); -
second, the magnetic field -
1. magnetic induction intensity is used to indicate the direction of the magnetic field strength and physical, is a vector, unit T), 1T = 1N / A? m -
2. Ampere force F = BIL; (Note: L ⊥ B) {B: magnetic flux density (T), F: Ampere force (F), I: current intensity (A), L: Cable length (m) } -
3. Lorentz force f = qVB (Note V ⊥ B); {f: Lorentz force (N), q: charged particle charge (C), V: Charged particle velocity (m / s)} -
4. the gravity is negligible (without regard to gravity) case, the movement of charged particles into the magnetic field conditions (bilingual): -
(1) charged particles into the magnetic field along the direction parallel to the magnetic field: the role of Lorentz force is not doing CV V = V0 -
(2) charged particles into the magnetic field along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field: do uniform circular motion, the following rules a) F = f to Los = mV2 / r = mω2r = mr (2π / T) 2 = qVB; r = mV / qB; T = 2πm/qB; (b) exercise period and the radius of circular motion and the line speed has nothing to do, no Lorentz force acting on charged particles (all cases); (c) the key to solving problems: drawing trajectory, find the center , fixed radius, central angle (= double Xianqie Jiao). -
Note: -
(1) Ampere force and the Lorentz force direction can be determined by the left hand, but Lorentz force should pay attention to positive and negative charged particles; -
XIII, electromagnetic induction -
1) E = nΔΦ / Δt (universal formula) {Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, E: induced voltage (V), n: induction coil turns, ΔΦ / Δt: the rate of change of magnetic flux} -
2) E = BLV vertical (cutting magnetic induction line movement) {L: effective length (m)} -
3) Em = nBSω (the largest alternator EMF) {Em: peak electromotive} -
4) E = BL2ω / 2 (ω conductor one end fixed to rotary cutting) {ω: angular velocity (rad / s), V: velocity (m / s)} -
2. flux Φ = BS {Φ: magnetic flux (Wb), B: uniform magnetic field of magnetic flux density (T), S: is on the area (m2)} -
3. electromotive force of the positive and negative direction of induced current can be used to determine the direction of current within the {power: the flow from the negative cathode} -
fourth, alternating current (sinusoidal alternating current) -
1. voltage instantaneous value e = Emsinωt current instantaneous value i = Imsinωt; (ω = 2πf) -
2. emf peak Em = nBSω = 2BLv current peak (pure resistance circuit) Im = Em / R General -
3. are (I) chord alternating current RMS: E = Em / (2) 1 / 2; U = Um / (2) 1 / 2; I = Im / (2) 1 / 2 - ;
4. ideal transformer coil in the former deputy voltage and current, and power relations -
U1/U2 = n1/n2; I1/I2 = n2/n2; P entry = P out -
5. In the long-distance transmission, the use of high-voltage transmission power can reduce power losses in transmission line loss '= (P / U) 2R; (P loss': the loss of power transmission lines, P: power transmission the total power, U: transmission voltage, R: transmission line resistance) -
6. formula 1,2,3,4 in the physical quantities and units: ω: angular frequency (rad / s); t: Time (s); n: number of turns; B: magnetic induction (T); -
S: coil area (m2); U Output) Voltage (V); I: current intensity (A); P: Power (W). -
Note: -
(1) changes in the frequency of alternating current in the coil and generator rotation is the same frequency: ω = ω line power, f = f power line; -
(2) generator, the coil magnetic flux in the neutral position of the largest surface, the induced emf is zero, the direction of current through the neutral plane to change; -
(3) valid values are defined according to the current heating effect, no particular means that the exchange value of all valid values; -
(4) ideal transformer turns ratio is constant, the output voltage is determined by the input voltage, input current is determined by the output current, input power is equal to output power, the power consumption when the load increases the input power also increases, P into the P out of the decision; -
fifth, electromagnetic oscillations and waves -
1.LC oscillator T = 2π (LC) 1 / 2; f = 1 / T {f: Frequency (Hz), T: Period (s), L: inductance (H), C: capacitance (F)} -
2. electromagnetic wave propagation speed in vacuum c = 3.00 × 108m / s, λ = c / f {λ: the wavelength of electromagnetic waves (m), f: wave frequency} -
Note: -
(1) process in the LC oscillator, the maximum charge the capacitor, the oscillating current is zero; the capacitor charge is zero, oscillating current maximum; -
(2) Maxwell's electromagnetic theory: changes in the electric (magnetic) field generated by the magnetic (electric) field; -
sixteen, light reflection and refraction (geometric optics) -
1. law of reflection α = i {α; reflection angle, i: angle} -
2. absolute refractive index (light from the vacuum to the media) n = c / v = sin / sin {dispersion of light, visible light in the refractive index of small red, n: refractive index, c: speed of light in vacuum, v: speed of light, medium,: angle,: angle of refraction} -
3. ATR: 1) light from the medium into the vacuum or air, total reflection occurs when the critical angle C: sinC = 1 / n -
2) total reflection conditions: light launched into optical sparse medium dense medium; angle of incidence is equal to or greater than the critical angle -
Note: -
(1) law of plane mirror reflection imaging: into the other large upright virtual image, such as mirror symmetry along with the object; -
(2) prism refracted image of the law: into the virtual image, a shot to the bottom edge of the deflection of light, such as the location of the vertex shift; -
seventh, the nature of light (light of both particles, but also volatility, known as wave-particle duality of light) -
1. two theories: that particles (Newton), the wave theory (Huygens) -
2. Double-slit interference: the middle of the light stripe; light stripe location: = nλ; dark stripes Location: = (2n +1) λ / 2 (n = 0,1,2,3 ,,,,); stripes {pitch: distance difference (OPD); λ: wavelength of light; λ / 2: half the wavelength of light; d the distance between the two slits; l: the distance between the bezel and screen} -
3. the color of light determined by the frequency of light, the frequency of light determined by the light source, and the media has nothing to do with the media, the propagation speed of light is related to the color of light frequency from low to high by the order are: red, orange , yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (mnemonic: the frequency of large violet wavelength small) -
4. thin film interference: thickness of antireflection coatings in the wavelength of green light in the film 1 / 4, the AR coating thickness d = λ / 4 P25〕 〔see Volume III -
5. light diffraction: a uniform optical medium in the absence of obstacles is spread along a straight line, the size of the obstacle is much greater than the wavelength of the light situation, the phenomenon of light diffraction can be considered a straight line is not obvious transmission, otherwise, it can not be considered light travels in straight lines -
6. the light polarization: polarization of light that light wave -
7. light, electromagnetic, said: Light is the essence of an electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic spectrum (at wavelengths descending order): radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x rays, γ rays. IR, UV, line Roentgen Ray findings and characteristics of the mechanism, the practical application -
8. photonic that a photon of energy E = hν {h: Planck's constant = 6.63 × 10-34J.s, ν: frequency of light} -
9. Einstein's photoelectric effect equation: mVm2 / 2 = hν-W {mVm2 / 2: initial photoelectron kinetic energy, hν: photon energy, W: work function metal} -
Note: -
(1) to distinguish the light will produce interference and diffraction theory, condition, design and applications, such as the double slit interference, thin film interference, diffraction, circular aperture diffraction, circular screen diffraction; -
(2) other related elements: the history of the Nature of Light Theory / Poisson bright spot / Emission / absorption spectrum / spectrum / spectrum of atom〕 〔see Volume III of the P50 / the law of photoelectric effect, photons that 〔 See Volume III P41〕 / optical tube and its application / wave-particle duality of light 〔〕 see Volume III of the P45 / P35 Laser〕 〔see Volume III / Volume III of the matter wave, see P51 〔〕. -
-
eighth, atoms and nuclei -
1.α scattering results a) most of the α-particle is not deflected; (b) place a small number of α particles larger deflection angle; (c) very small number of big α-particle deflection angle (or even rebound back) -
2. nucleus size :10-15 ~ 10-14m, the atomic radius of about 10-10m (the atomic nucleus structure) -
3. Photon emission and absorption: atomic transition occurs when the steady state, to radiation (or absorption) of a certain frequency of the photon: hν = E {end early-E level transition} -
4. the composition of the nucleus: protons and neutrons (collectively known as nucleons), {A = mass number = protons + neutrons, Z = charge number = protons = atomic number = number of extranuclear 〔see three P63〕} -
5. Natural radioactivity: α radiation (α particles are helium nuclei), β-ray (high-speed movement of the electron flow), γ-ray (very short wavelength electromagnetic waves), α decay and β decay, half-life (more than half nuclei decay occurred in the time spent.) γ-ray is accompanied by the α and β-ray radiation produced by P64〕 〔see Volume III -
6. Einstein's mass-energy equation: E = mc2 {E: energy (J), m: mass (Kg), c: the speed of light in vacuum} -
7. nuclear energy calculated ΔE = Δmc2 {if Δm kg when using the unit, ΔE units of J; when Δm with the atomic mass unit u, the calculated ΔE units uc2; 1uc2 = 931.5MeV} 〔see three P72〕. -
Note: -
(1) the common nuclear reaction equation (heavy nuclear fission, nuclear fusion and other nuclear reaction equation of light) required to master; -
(2) Learn the common mass of the particle number and mass number; -
(3) the number of conservation of mass and charge, based on experimental facts, is the right equation to write the key nuclear reactions; -
(4) other related elements: hydrogen atom structure of P49〕 〔see Volume III / hydrogen atom the electron cloud of P53〕 〔see Volume III / and application of radioactive isotopes, radioactive pollution and the protection 〔see Volume III P69〕 / heavy nuclear fission, chain reaction, chain reaction conditions, see Volume III P73 nuclear reactor 〔〕 / light fusion, controlled thermonuclear reaction, see Volume III P77 〔〕 / physical structure of the human understanding. (End) -
-
left hand rule: -
left hand rule (Ampere is set): Given the current direction and the direction of the magnetic induction lines, power conductor in a magnetic field to determine the force direction, such as electric motors. -
-
outstretched left hand, the magnetic induction line penetration palm (palm of the hand aligned N pole, S pole aligned back of the hand), four fingers point to the current direction, then the direction of thumb is to force the direction of the conductor. -
The principle is: -
magnet when you sense the magnetic flux lines and current lines are being drawn when the line of magnetic induction of two intertwined, according to vector addition, the magnet and the current direction of the magnetic induction lines the same place, magnetic induction line becomes dense; in the opposite direction where the magnetic induction lines become sparse. Magnetic induction lines are a feature that is, each line of a magnetic sense of mutually exclusive! Intensive local magnetic induction line So the pressure on both sides of the different currents, the current pressure to one side. The direction of the thumb is the direction of this pressure. -
-
right-hand rule: -
determine the conductor cutting magnetic induction line movement in the conductor direction of the induced current rule. (Generator) -
right-hand rule reads: outstretched right hand, the thumb with the other four fingers, and are related to hand in a vertical plane, the right hand placed in a magnetic field, so that the vertical penetration of the magnetic induction lines palm, thumb point to the direction of conductor movement, the remaining four fingers pointing to the direction of induced current.
1) uniform speed linear motion -
1. the average speed V flat = s / t (defined) 2. a useful corollary Vt2-Vo2 = 2as -
3. middle of the speed Vt / 2 = V flat = (Vt + Vo) / 2 4. terminal velocity Vt = Vo + at -
5. the middle position, velocity Vs / 2 = [(Vo2 + Vt2) / 2] 1 / 2 6. displacement s = V level t = Vot + at2 / 2 = Vt/2t -
7. acceleration a = (Vt-Vo) / t {to Vo as the positive direction, a and Vo in the same direction (acceleration) a> 0; back then a <0} -
8. experimental inference Δs = aT2 {Δs adjacent consecutive equal time (T) the difference between the displacement} -
Note: -
(1) average velocity is a vector; -
(2) a large object velocity and acceleration are not necessarily large; -
(3) a = (Vt-Vo) / t is measured style, not determined pattern; -
2) free fall -
1. the initial speed of Vo = 0 2. terminal velocity Vt = gt -
3. drop height h = gt2 / 2 (down from the position calculated Vo) 4. inference Vt2 = 2gh -
(3) vertical up throwing -
1. displacement s = Vot-gt2 / 2 2. terminal velocity Vt = Vo-gt (g = 9.8m/s2 ≈ 10m/s2) -
3. a useful corollary Vt2-Vo2 =- 2gs 4. increase the maximum height Hm = Vo2/2g (throw point counting) -
5. from time t = 2Vo / g (from a throw back to the original location down the time) -
1) flat Projectile Motion -
1. horizontal speed: Vx = Vo 2. vertical speed: Vy = gt -
3. horizontal displacement: x = Vot 4. vertical displacement: y = gt2 / 2 -
5. exercise time t = (2y / g) 1 / 2 (usually also said to (2h / g) 1 / 2) -
6. combined speed Vt = (Vx2 + Vy2) 1 / 2 = [Vo2 + (gt) 2] 1 / 2 -
direction and velocity of horizontal angle β: tgβ = Vy / Vx = gt/V0 -
7. joint displacement: s = (x2 + y2) 1 / 2, -
displacement angle between the direction and level of α: tgα = y / x = gt/2Vo -
8. horizontal acceleration: ax = 0; vertical acceleration: ay = g -
2) uniform circular motion -
1. linear velocity V = s / t = 2πr / T 2. angular velocity ω = Φ / t = 2π / T = 2πf -
3. centripetal acceleration a = V2 / r = ω2r = (2π / T) 2r 4. centripetal force F center = mV2 / r = mω2r = mr (2π / T) 2 = mωv = F co - p>
5. cycle and frequency: T = 1 / f 6. the relationship between angular velocity and linear velocity: V = ωr -
7. the relationship between angular velocity and rotational speed ω = 2πn (here meaning the same frequency and speed) -
3) gravity -
1. Kepler's third law: T2/R3 = K (= 4π2/GM) {R: orbital radius, T: period, K: constant (nothing to do with the planet's mass, depending on the quality of the central body)} -
2. law of universal gravitation: F = Gm1m2/r2 (G = 6.67 × 10-11N? m2/kg2, the direction in which the connection) -
3. celestial body gravity and the acceleration of gravity: GMm/R2 = mg; g = GM/R2 {R: object radius (m), M: celestial body mass (kg)} -
4. satellite orbiting speed, angular velocity, cycle: V = (GM / r) 1 / 2; ω = (GM/r3) 1 / 2; T = 2π (r3/GM) 1 / 2 {M: central body mass} -
5. The first (second, third) speed of the universe V1 = (g to r to) 1 / 2 = (GM / r in) 1 / 2 = 7.9km / s; V2 = 11.2km / s; V3 = 16.7km / s -
6. geostationary satellite GMm / (r to + h) 2 = m4π2 (r to + h) / T2 {h ≈ 36000km, h: the height from the Earth's surface, r to: the radius of the Earth} - / p>
Note: -
(1) the centripetal force required for movement of celestial objects provided by the gravitation, F = F million to; -
(2) application of the law of gravity can estimate the object's mass and density; -
(3) Geostationary satellites can only run on the equator, running the same cycle and Earth's rotation period; -
(4) satellite orbital radius decreases, smaller potential energy, kinetic energy becomes larger, the speed becomes larger, the cycle becomes smaller (with three anti-); -
(5) surround the Earth's largest satellite launch speed and minimum speed are 7.9km / s. -
1) common power -
1. gravity G = mg (the direction of straight down, g = 9.8m/s2 ≈ 10m/s2, the role of point in the center of gravity for the Earth's surface around) -
2. Hooke's Law F = kx {direction along the direction of recovery deformation, k: stiffness (N / m), x: type variable (m)} -
3. sliding friction force F = μFN {relative motion in the opposite direction and the object, μ: friction coefficient, FN: positive pressure (N)} -
4. Static Static friction 0 ≤ f ≤ fm (objects in relative motion with trend in the opposite direction, fm is the maximum static friction) -
5. gravitation F = Gm1m2/r2 (G = 6.67 × 10-11N? m2/kg2, the direction in which the connection) -
6. Static Electricity F = kQ1Q2/r2 (k = 9.0 × 109N? m2/C2, the direction in which the connection) -
7. electric force F = Eq (E: field strength N / C, q: charge C, is charged by the electric field force and field strength in the same direction) -
8. Ampere force F = BILsinθ (θ is the angle between B and L, the time when the L ⊥ B: F = BIL, B / / L time: F = 0) -
9. Lorentz force f = qVBsinθ (θ is the angle between B and V, the time when the V ⊥ B: f = qVB, V / / B Time: f = 0) -
2) force composition and decomposition -
1. the same line with the composition of forces: F = F1 + F2, reverse: F = F1-F2 (F1> F2) -
2. each angled composition of forces: -
F = (F12 + F22 +2 F1F2cosα) 1 / 2 (cosine law) F1 ⊥ F2 time: F = (F12 + F22) 1 / 2 -
3. force size range: | F1-F2 | ≤ F ≤ | F1 + F2 | -
4. force orthogonal decomposition: Fx = Fcosβ, Fy = Fsinβ (β together with the x-axis is the angle between the tgβ = Fy / Fx) -
four, dynamics (motion and force) -
1. Newton's first law of motion (inertia): objects with inertia, keeping the total state of uniform linear motion or rest until the external force it to change this state so far -
2. Newton's second law of motion: F = ma or a co-co-a = F / ma {determined by a force, force direction and cooperation} -
3. Newton's third law of motion: F =- F '{negative sign indicates the opposite direction, F, F' respective roles in each other, balance, and reaction force difference between the actual application: recoil motion} -
4. a total balance of the point force F co = 0, promotion {orthogonal decomposition, the three forces intersect principle} -
5. Overweight: FN> G, weightlessness: FN < are - overweight} upward, acceleration loss, weight direction, downward {acceleration>
6. Newton's laws of motion applicable conditions: low speed for solving the problem, for macroscopic objects, not to deal with high-speed problem, does not apply to microscopic particles -
five, vibration and wave (mechanical vibration and mechanical vibration transmission) -
1. harmonic vibration F =- kx {F: restoring force, k: scale factor, x: displacement, the negative sign indicates the direction of F and x is always negative} -
2. pendulum period T = 2π (l / g) 1 / 2 {l: pendulum length (m), g: acceleration due to gravity value of the local establishment of conditions: the swing angle θ <100; l>> r} -
3. forced vibration characteristics: f = f driver -
4. resonance conditions: f = f solid driving force, A = max, to prevent resonance and application -
6. velocity v = s / t = λf = λ / T {wave propagation process, a cycle of forward propagation of a wave; velocity size is determined by the media itself} -
7. acoustic wave velocity (in air) 0 ℃: 332m / s; 20 ℃: 344m / s; 30 ℃: 349m / s; (Sound waves are longitudinal waves) -
8. wave obvious diffraction (wave continues to spread around obstacles or holes) conditions: the size of obstructions or holes smaller than the wavelength or less the same -
9. wave interference conditions: the same two wave frequency (a difference of constant amplitude similar vibration in the same direction) -
Note: -
(1) the natural frequency and amplitude objects, driving force independent of frequency, depending on the vibration of the system itself; -
(2) the vibration wave propagation only, the medium itself does not move with wave occurs, is a form of energy transfer; -
(3) is the Potter, some interference and diffraction; -
1. Momentum: p = mv {p: momentum (kg / s), m: mass (kg), v: velocity (m / s), direction and speed in the same direction} -
3. Impulse: I = Ft {I: Impulse (N? s), F: Constant (N), t: the role of force time (s), the direction determined by the F} -
4. momentum theorem: I = Δp or Ft = mvtmvo {Δp: change in momentum Δp = mvtmvo, is a vector-type} -
5. momentum conservation law: p = p after the former general, or p = p''can also be m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1 '+ m2v2' -
6. elastic collision: Δp = 0; ΔEk = 0 {the system momentum and kinetic energy are conserved} -
7. non-elastic collision Δp = 0; 0 <ΔEK <ΔEKm {ΔEK: the loss of kinetic energy, EKm: The maximum loss of kinetic energy} -
8. completely inelastic collision Δp = 0; ΔEK = ΔEKm {together after hitting into a whole} -
9. objects to v1 the initial velocity of m1 and m2 stationary object is the elastic collision: -
v1 '= (m1-m2) v1 / (m1 + m2) v2' = 2m1v1 / (m1 + m2) -
10. inferences from 9 ----- so the quality was on collisions when the two flexible exchange rate (kinetic energy conservation, momentum conservation) -
11. bullet horizontal velocity vo m still in a horizontal smooth surface launched into a long block M, which is embedded with the movement of the mechanical energy loss -
E loss = mvo2/2- (M + m) vt2 / 2 = fs relative {vt: a common speed, f: resistance, s relative to the displacement of the bullet is relatively long block} -
1. Power: W = Fscosα (defined type) {W: function (J), F: Constant (N), s: displacement (m), α: F, s} the angle between the - / p>
2. gravity acting: Wab = mghab {m: the mass, g = 9.8m/s2 ≈ 10m/s2, hab: a and b the height difference (hab = ha-hb)} -
3. electric force acting: Wab = qUab {q: charge (C), Uab: a and b between the potential difference (V) that Uab = φa-φb} -
4. Electric power: W = UIt (universal type) {U: voltage (V), I: current (A), t: power-on time (s)} -
5. Power: P = W / t (defined type) {P: power [watts (W)], W: t time, the work done (J), t: time spent doing work (s)} - ;
6. vehicle traction power: P = Fv; P level = Fv level {P: instantaneous power, P level: average power} -
7. car to start the constant power to constant acceleration start, car maximum speed (vmax = P Amount / f) -
8. Electric power: P = UI (universal type) {U: circuit voltage (V), I: circuit current (A)} -
9. Joule's law: Q = I2Rt {Q: electric (J), I: current intensity (A), R: resistance value (Ω), t: power-on time (s)} -
10. pure resistance circuit, I = U / R; P = UI = U2 / R = I2R; Q = W = UIt = U2t / R = I2Rt -
11. kinetic energy: Ek = mv2 / 2 {Ek: kinetic energy (J), m: body mass (kg), v: instantaneous velocity of the object (m / s)} -
12. gravitational potential energy: EP = mgh {EP: gravitational potential energy (J), g: acceleration due to gravity, h: vertical height (m) (starting from zero potential energy surface)} -
13. electrical potential energy: EA = qφA {EA: A charged body at the point of electric potential energy (J), q: charge (C), φA: A point of potential (V) (starting from zero potential energy surface)} -
14. kinetic energy theorem (the object does positive work, increasing the kinetic energy of the object): -
W or W co = mvt2/2-mvo2/2 co = ΔEK -
{W together: the total force on the object to do work, ΔEK: kinetic energy ΔEK = (mvt2/2-mvo2/2)} -
15. mechanical energy conservation law: ΔE = 0 or EK1 + EP1 = EK2 + EP2 also can be mv12 / 2 + mgh1 = mv22 / 2 + mgh2 -
16. gravity acting with the changes in gravitational potential energy (gravity acting is equal to the negative incremental gravitational potential energy of the object) WG =- ΔEP -
Note: -
(1) power level, said the speed of doing work, doing work that energy into the number of how many; -
(2) O0 ≤ α <90O to do positive work; 90O <α ≤ 180O do negative work; α = 90o do no work (the direction of force and the displacement (velocity) direction perpendicular to the force do no work); - / p>
(3) gravity (elastic, electric force, molecular force) to do positive work, the gravity (elastic, electric, molecular) potential reduction -
(4) electric force of gravity acting and acting are nothing to do with the path (see 2,3-two-type); (5) the establishment of conditions of conservation of mechanical energy: In addition to gravity (elastic) forces do no work outside the other, but between kinetic and potential energy conversion; (6) can be converted to other units: 1kWh (degrees) = 3.6 × 106J, 1eV = 1.60 × 10-19J; * (7) spring elastic potential energy E = kx2 / 2, and the stiffness and deformation on . -
eight, molecular kinetic theory, energy conservation -
1. Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 × 1023/mol; molecular diameter of magnitude 10-10 m -
2. film method to measure molecular diameter d = V / s {V: volume of single-molecule film (m3), S: film surface area (m) 2} -
3. Molecular Kinetic Theory of Content: the material is composed of large molecules; a large number of molecular thermal motion of no rule to do; interaction between the molecules. -
4. intermolecular attraction and repulsion (1) r < as - force repulsive performance molecular F exclusion,
(2) r = r0, f = f exclusion argument, F molecular force = 0, E potential energy = Emin (min) -
(3) r> r0, f cited> f exclusion, F molecular force performance of gravity -
(4) r> 10r0, f = f cited exclusion ≈ 0, F molecular force ≈ 0, E potential energy ≈ 0 -
5. thermodynamics first law of W + Q = ΔU {(acting and heat transfer, both within the object can change the way, in effect, is equivalent), -
W: external positive work done on the object (J), Q: heat absorbed by the object (J), ΔU: the increase in internal energy (J), relating to the first perpetual motion machine can not create - p>
7. Third Law of Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics zero temperature limit is not reached {the universe: -273.15 degrees Celsius (thermodynamic zero)} -
Note: -
(1) Brownian particle is not a molecule, Brown, the smaller the particles, Brownian motion, the more obvious the higher the temperature the more intense; -
(2) temperature is the average kinetic energy of molecular mark; -
3) attraction and repulsion between molecules exist, with the intermolecular distance decreases, but the repulsive force decreases faster than gravity; -
(4) molecular force does positive work, the molecular potential energy decreases, cited in F = F r0 at the exclusion and the potential energy minimum; -
(5) gas expansion, the outside world to do negative work on the gas W <0; temperature, internal energy increase ΔU> 0; absorb heat, Q> 0 -
(6) the internal energy of the object is the object of all the elements the sum of kinetic and potential energy, intermolecular forces for the ideal gas is zero, potential energy is zero; -
(7) r0 for the molecule in the equilibrium state, the distance between molecules; -
ten, the electric field -
1. two kinds of charge, charge conservation law, per charge: (e = 1.60 × 10-19C); charged body charge equal to an integer multiple of per charge -
2. Coulomb's Law: F = kQ1Q2/r2 (in vacuum) {F: the force between point charges (N), k: electrostatic constant k = 9.0 × 109N? m2/C2, Q1, Q2: two charges of electricity (C), r: the distance between two charges (m), the direction in which the connection, action and reaction, like charges repel each other, and dissimilar charges attract each other} - / p>
3. electric field: E = F / q (defined type, formula) {E: electric field strength (N / C), is the vector (electric field superposition principle), q: charge of electricity test (C)} -
4. vacuum point (source) to form the electric field charge E = kQ/r2 {r: location of the source charge to the distance (m), Q: source charge of electricity} -
5. Uniform electric field strength E = UAB / d {UAB: AB between two voltage (V), d: AB the distance between two points in the direction of the field intensity (m)} -
6. electric force: F = qE {F: electric force (N), q: charge by the electric force of electricity (C), E: electric field strength (N / C)} -
7. electric potential and potential difference: UAB = φA-φB, UAB = WAB / q =- ΔEAB / q -
8. electric force acting: WAB = qUAB = Eqd {WAB: A to B by a charged body electric force when the work done (J), q: with charge (C), UAB: the electric field in the A, B two potential difference between points (V) (electric force acting path independent), E: uniform electric field strength, d: two points the distance along the field direction (m)} -
9. electrical potential energy: EA = qφA {EA: A charged body at the point of electric potential energy (J), q: charge (C), φA: A point of potential (V)} -
10. electrical potential changes in ΔEAB = EB-EA {charged body position in the electric field from A to B position, electrical potential difference} -
11. electric force acting with the electric potential energy ΔEAB =- WAB =- qUAB (the incremental electric potential energy is equal to the electric force acting in the negative) -
12. capacitance C = Q / U (defined type, formula) {C: capacitance (F), Q: charge (C), U: voltage (potential difference between two plates) (V)} -
13. parallel plate capacitor C = εS/4πkd (S: two plates are on the area, d: vertical distance between two plates, ω: k) -
14. charged particles accelerated in an electric field (Vo = 0): W = ΔEK or qU = mVt2 / 2, Vt = (2qU / m) 1 / 2 -
15. charged particles along the direction perpendicular to the electric field in order to speed Vo into the deflection when the uniform electric field (not considering the case of gravity) -
flat vertical electric field type: uniform motion L = Vot (heterogeneous in charge with the same amount in the parallel plates: E = U / d) -
projectile motion parallel to the direction of electric field: initial velocity of zero uniformly accelerated linear motion d = at2 / 2, a = F / m = qE / m -
Note: -
(1) two identical charged metal ball contact, the power distribution law: first, the original tapes and in heterogeneous charge after the split, the original charge with the same amount of split; -
(2) electric field line starting from the termination of the positive charge on the negative charge, electric field lines do not intersect, the tangent direction to the direction of field strength, electric field line density at the field strength along the field lines becoming less and less electric potential, electric field lines and so on potential vertically; -
(3) common requirements of the electric field distribution of the electric field lines memorized 〔Figure [Volume P98]; -
(4) electric field (vector) and the electric potential (scalar) determined by the electric field itself, while the electric force and electric potential energy body also charged with the electricity and charge the number of positive and negative about; -
(5) in the electrostatic potential of Conductor is a body such as the surface is equipotential surface, the outer surface of the conductor near the surface of the electric field lines perpendicular to the conductor, conductor internal compliance field is zero, no net charge inside the conductor, the net charge only located in the outer surface of the conductor; -
(6) Capacitance unit conversion: 1F = 106μF = 1012PF; -
(7) electron volts (eV) is the unit of energy, 1eV = 1.60 × 10-19J; -
XI, constant current -
1. current intensity: I = q / t {I: current intensity (A), q: t at the time contained within a horizontal plane through the conductor of electricity (C), t: time (s)} -
2. Ohm's Law: I = U / R {I: conductor current intensity (A), U: voltage across the conductor (V), R: conductor resistance (Ω)} -
3. Resistance, Resistance Law: R = ρL / S {ρ: resistivity (Ω? m), L: length of conductor (m), S: conductor cross-sectional area (m2)} -
4. closed electric Lu Oumu Law: I = E / (r + R) or E = Ir + IR can also be E = U + U within the outside -
{I: total current in the circuit (A), E: electromotive force (V), R: the external circuit resistance (Ω), r: source resistance (Ω)} -
5. electric power and electrical power: W = UIt, P = UI {W: electric power (J), U: voltage (V), I: current (A), t: time (s), P: electrical power (W)} -
6. Joule's law: Q = I2Rt {Q: electric (J), I: current through the conductor (A), R: conductor resistance (Ω), t: power-on time (s)} - < / p>
7. pure resistance circuit: Since I = U / R, W = Q, so W = Q = UIt = I2Rt = U2t / R -
8. the power of total fixed rate, power output, power efficiency: P total = IE, P out = IU, η = P out / P Total {I: circuit total current (A), E: electromotive force (V ), U: Road-side voltage (V), η: power efficiency} -
9. Circuit series / parallel series circuit (P, U and R is proportional to) parallel circuit (P, I and R is inversely proportional to) -
electrical resistance (in collusion with and against) R series = R1 + R2 + R3 + 1 / R and = 1/R1 +1 / R2 +1 / R3 + -
current relationship I always = I1 = I2 = I3 I and = I1 + I2 + I3 + -
The total voltage relationship U = U1 + U2 + U3 + U total = U1 = U2 = U3 -
power allocation P total = P1 + P2 + P3 + P total = P1 + P2 + P3 + -
10. ohmmeter resistance measurement -
(1) circuit (2) measuring principle -
two tables document shorted, adjust the meter pointer over partial Ro may -
Ig = E / (r + Rg + Ro) -
After the measured resistance Rx access the current through the meter -
Ix = E / (r + Rg + Ro + Rx) = E / (R in + Rx) -
corresponding to the Ix and Rx, it can indicate the size of the measured resistance -
(3) use: mechanical zero, select the range, zero ohms, measurement readings {Note gear (ratio)}, call off block. -
(4) Note: The measurement of resistance, to break the original circuit, select the range of the pointer near the center of each shift to re-zero ohm short circuit. -
11. TESTING RESISTANCE -
ammeter in connection: -
voltage indicates the number of: U = UR + UA -
external ammeter method: -
said current number: I = IR + IV -
Rx measurements = U / I = (UA + UR) / IR = RA + Rx> R true -
Rx measurements = U / I = UR / (IR + IV) = RVRx / (RV + R) < - s>
selected circuit conditions Rx>> RA [or Rx> (RARV) 1 / 2] -
selected circuit conditions Rx << - 2] 1 <(RARV) Rx [or>
12. sliding rheostat in the circuit connection and limiting partial pressure connection -
limiting connection -
voltage adjustment range is small, simple circuit, low power consumption -
easy to adjust the voltage of the selection criteria Rp> Rx -
voltage regulation range, circuit complexity, power dissipation -
easy to adjust the voltage of the selection criteria Rp < ->
Note 1) unit conversion: 1A = 103mA = 106μA; 1kV = 103V = 106mA; 1MΩ = 103kΩ = 106Ω -
(2) the resistivity of various materials are changes with temperature, the metal resistivity with increasing temperature; -
(3) the total series resistance is greater than any sub-resistance, parallel resistance is less than any of the points of total resistance; -
(4) When the power supply internal resistance, the external circuit resistance increases, the total current decreases, the road-side voltage increases; -
(5) When the external circuit resistance is equal to the power resistor, power supply maximum output power, this time the output power E2 / (2r); -
second, the magnetic field -
1. magnetic induction intensity is used to indicate the direction of the magnetic field strength and physical, is a vector, unit T), 1T = 1N / A? m -
2. Ampere force F = BIL; (Note: L ⊥ B) {B: magnetic flux density (T), F: Ampere force (F), I: current intensity (A), L: Cable length (m) } -
3. Lorentz force f = qVB (Note V ⊥ B); {f: Lorentz force (N), q: charged particle charge (C), V: Charged particle velocity (m / s)} -
4. the gravity is negligible (without regard to gravity) case, the movement of charged particles into the magnetic field conditions (bilingual): -
(1) charged particles into the magnetic field along the direction parallel to the magnetic field: the role of Lorentz force is not doing CV V = V0 -
(2) charged particles into the magnetic field along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field: do uniform circular motion, the following rules a) F = f to Los = mV2 / r = mω2r = mr (2π / T) 2 = qVB; r = mV / qB; T = 2πm/qB; (b) exercise period and the radius of circular motion and the line speed has nothing to do, no Lorentz force acting on charged particles (all cases); (c) the key to solving problems: drawing trajectory, find the center , fixed radius, central angle (= double Xianqie Jiao). -
Note: -
(1) Ampere force and the Lorentz force direction can be determined by the left hand, but Lorentz force should pay attention to positive and negative charged particles; -
XIII, electromagnetic induction -
1) E = nΔΦ / Δt (universal formula) {Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, E: induced voltage (V), n: induction coil turns, ΔΦ / Δt: the rate of change of magnetic flux} -
2) E = BLV vertical (cutting magnetic induction line movement) {L: effective length (m)} -
3) Em = nBSω (the largest alternator EMF) {Em: peak electromotive} -
4) E = BL2ω / 2 (ω conductor one end fixed to rotary cutting) {ω: angular velocity (rad / s), V: velocity (m / s)} -
2. flux Φ = BS {Φ: magnetic flux (Wb), B: uniform magnetic field of magnetic flux density (T), S: is on the area (m2)} -
3. electromotive force of the positive and negative direction of induced current can be used to determine the direction of current within the {power: the flow from the negative cathode} -
fourth, alternating current (sinusoidal alternating current) -
1. voltage instantaneous value e = Emsinωt current instantaneous value i = Imsinωt; (ω = 2πf) -
2. emf peak Em = nBSω = 2BLv current peak (pure resistance circuit) Im = Em / R General -
3. are (I) chord alternating current RMS: E = Em / (2) 1 / 2; U = Um / (2) 1 / 2; I = Im / (2) 1 / 2 - ;
4. ideal transformer coil in the former deputy voltage and current, and power relations -
U1/U2 = n1/n2; I1/I2 = n2/n2; P entry = P out -
5. In the long-distance transmission, the use of high-voltage transmission power can reduce power losses in transmission line loss '= (P / U) 2R; (P loss': the loss of power transmission lines, P: power transmission the total power, U: transmission voltage, R: transmission line resistance) -
6. formula 1,2,3,4 in the physical quantities and units: ω: angular frequency (rad / s); t: Time (s); n: number of turns; B: magnetic induction (T); -
S: coil area (m2); U Output) Voltage (V); I: current intensity (A); P: Power (W). -
Note: -
(1) changes in the frequency of alternating current in the coil and generator rotation is the same frequency: ω = ω line power, f = f power line; -
(2) generator, the coil magnetic flux in the neutral position of the largest surface, the induced emf is zero, the direction of current through the neutral plane to change; -
(3) valid values are defined according to the current heating effect, no particular means that the exchange value of all valid values; -
(4) ideal transformer turns ratio is constant, the output voltage is determined by the input voltage, input current is determined by the output current, input power is equal to output power, the power consumption when the load increases the input power also increases, P into the P out of the decision; -
fifth, electromagnetic oscillations and waves -
1.LC oscillator T = 2π (LC) 1 / 2; f = 1 / T {f: Frequency (Hz), T: Period (s), L: inductance (H), C: capacitance (F)} -
2. electromagnetic wave propagation speed in vacuum c = 3.00 × 108m / s, λ = c / f {λ: the wavelength of electromagnetic waves (m), f: wave frequency} -
Note: -
(1) process in the LC oscillator, the maximum charge the capacitor, the oscillating current is zero; the capacitor charge is zero, oscillating current maximum; -
(2) Maxwell's electromagnetic theory: changes in the electric (magnetic) field generated by the magnetic (electric) field; -
sixteen, light reflection and refraction (geometric optics) -
1. law of reflection α = i {α; reflection angle, i: angle} -
2. absolute refractive index (light from the vacuum to the media) n = c / v = sin / sin {dispersion of light, visible light in the refractive index of small red, n: refractive index, c: speed of light in vacuum, v: speed of light, medium,: angle,: angle of refraction} -
3. ATR: 1) light from the medium into the vacuum or air, total reflection occurs when the critical angle C: sinC = 1 / n -
2) total reflection conditions: light launched into optical sparse medium dense medium; angle of incidence is equal to or greater than the critical angle -
Note: -
(1) law of plane mirror reflection imaging: into the other large upright virtual image, such as mirror symmetry along with the object; -
(2) prism refracted image of the law: into the virtual image, a shot to the bottom edge of the deflection of light, such as the location of the vertex shift; -
seventh, the nature of light (light of both particles, but also volatility, known as wave-particle duality of light) -
1. two theories: that particles (Newton), the wave theory (Huygens) -
2. Double-slit interference: the middle of the light stripe; light stripe location: = nλ; dark stripes Location: = (2n +1) λ / 2 (n = 0,1,2,3 ,,,,); stripes {pitch: distance difference (OPD); λ: wavelength of light; λ / 2: half the wavelength of light; d the distance between the two slits; l: the distance between the bezel and screen} -
3. the color of light determined by the frequency of light, the frequency of light determined by the light source, and the media has nothing to do with the media, the propagation speed of light is related to the color of light frequency from low to high by the order are: red, orange , yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (mnemonic: the frequency of large violet wavelength small) -
4. thin film interference: thickness of antireflection coatings in the wavelength of green light in the film 1 / 4, the AR coating thickness d = λ / 4 P25〕 〔see Volume III -
5. light diffraction: a uniform optical medium in the absence of obstacles is spread along a straight line, the size of the obstacle is much greater than the wavelength of the light situation, the phenomenon of light diffraction can be considered a straight line is not obvious transmission, otherwise, it can not be considered light travels in straight lines -
6. the light polarization: polarization of light that light wave -
7. light, electromagnetic, said: Light is the essence of an electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic spectrum (at wavelengths descending order): radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x rays, γ rays. IR, UV, line Roentgen Ray findings and characteristics of the mechanism, the practical application -
8. photonic that a photon of energy E = hν {h: Planck's constant = 6.63 × 10-34J.s, ν: frequency of light} -
9. Einstein's photoelectric effect equation: mVm2 / 2 = hν-W {mVm2 / 2: initial photoelectron kinetic energy, hν: photon energy, W: work function metal} -
Note: -
(1) to distinguish the light will produce interference and diffraction theory, condition, design and applications, such as the double slit interference, thin film interference, diffraction, circular aperture diffraction, circular screen diffraction; -
(2) other related elements: the history of the Nature of Light Theory / Poisson bright spot / Emission / absorption spectrum / spectrum / spectrum of atom〕 〔see Volume III of the P50 / the law of photoelectric effect, photons that 〔 See Volume III P41〕 / optical tube and its application / wave-particle duality of light 〔〕 see Volume III of the P45 / P35 Laser〕 〔see Volume III / Volume III of the matter wave, see P51 〔〕. -
-
eighth, atoms and nuclei -
1.α scattering results a) most of the α-particle is not deflected; (b) place a small number of α particles larger deflection angle; (c) very small number of big α-particle deflection angle (or even rebound back) -
2. nucleus size :10-15 ~ 10-14m, the atomic radius of about 10-10m (the atomic nucleus structure) -
3. Photon emission and absorption: atomic transition occurs when the steady state, to radiation (or absorption) of a certain frequency of the photon: hν = E {end early-E level transition} -
4. the composition of the nucleus: protons and neutrons (collectively known as nucleons), {A = mass number = protons + neutrons, Z = charge number = protons = atomic number = number of extranuclear 〔see three P63〕} -
5. Natural radioactivity: α radiation (α particles are helium nuclei), β-ray (high-speed movement of the electron flow), γ-ray (very short wavelength electromagnetic waves), α decay and β decay, half-life (more than half nuclei decay occurred in the time spent.) γ-ray is accompanied by the α and β-ray radiation produced by P64〕 〔see Volume III -
6. Einstein's mass-energy equation: E = mc2 {E: energy (J), m: mass (Kg), c: the speed of light in vacuum} -
7. nuclear energy calculated ΔE = Δmc2 {if Δm kg when using the unit, ΔE units of J; when Δm with the atomic mass unit u, the calculated ΔE units uc2; 1uc2 = 931.5MeV} 〔see three P72〕. -
Note: -
(1) the common nuclear reaction equation (heavy nuclear fission, nuclear fusion and other nuclear reaction equation of light) required to master; -
(2) Learn the common mass of the particle number and mass number; -
(3) the number of conservation of mass and charge, based on experimental facts, is the right equation to write the key nuclear reactions; -
(4) other related elements: hydrogen atom structure of P49〕 〔see Volume III / hydrogen atom the electron cloud of P53〕 〔see Volume III / and application of radioactive isotopes, radioactive pollution and the protection 〔see Volume III P69〕 / heavy nuclear fission, chain reaction, chain reaction conditions, see Volume III P73 nuclear reactor 〔〕 / light fusion, controlled thermonuclear reaction, see Volume III P77 〔〕 / physical structure of the human understanding. (End) -
-
left hand rule: -
left hand rule (Ampere is set): Given the current direction and the direction of the magnetic induction lines, power conductor in a magnetic field to determine the force direction, such as electric motors. -
-
outstretched left hand, the magnetic induction line penetration palm (palm of the hand aligned N pole, S pole aligned back of the hand), four fingers point to the current direction, then the direction of thumb is to force the direction of the conductor. -
The principle is: -
magnet when you sense the magnetic flux lines and current lines are being drawn when the line of magnetic induction of two intertwined, according to vector addition, the magnet and the current direction of the magnetic induction lines the same place, magnetic induction line becomes dense; in the opposite direction where the magnetic induction lines become sparse. Magnetic induction lines are a feature that is, each line of a magnetic sense of mutually exclusive! Intensive local magnetic induction line So the pressure on both sides of the different currents, the current pressure to one side. The direction of the thumb is the direction of this pressure. -
-
right-hand rule: -
determine the conductor cutting magnetic induction line movement in the conductor direction of the induced current rule. (Generator) -
right-hand rule reads: outstretched right hand, the thumb with the other four fingers, and are related to hand in a vertical plane, the right hand placed in a magnetic field, so that the vertical penetration of the magnetic induction lines palm, thumb point to the direction of conductor movement, the remaining four fingers pointing to the direction of induced current.
Tuesday, March 29, 2011
Forward chat real master I'm convinced it!
Share article : Male : chat up women : not
M: Why women : busy
M: What Busy Women : Play
M: What women play : The game
M: What games girl : Play
M: What to play the female : male
trouble : trouble for chatted women: roll
male: female to not clean : by
Male : Female shoulder you : court death ah < br> M: The sister of the woman you : Please
M: worship can be, not off the woman : I'm going crazy
M: I hit 120 F: Do you fairy
M: Do not superstitious woman : also people living up < br> M: With me you will live a more exciting female : 555
male : three to five cigarettes is good sauce, but harmful to health
Women : Drop Dead
M : I in Internet cafes, not dead It
Female : Male
let me ask you : tell me phone number I will not say
Woman: No. Why should
M : Modification of message you see
This information is people forwarding this to your father will live long lives QQ space to see the first 6 days do not switch there must be hard to turn it Dad , Why did we have filial piety (Note: Do not blame me , I also received A )
M: Why women : busy
M: What Busy Women : Play
M: What women play : The game
M: What games girl : Play
M: What to play the female : male
trouble : trouble for chatted women: roll
male: female to not clean : by
Male : Female shoulder you : court death ah < br> M: The sister of the woman you : Please
M: worship can be, not off the woman : I'm going crazy
M: I hit 120 F: Do you fairy
M: Do not superstitious woman : also people living up < br> M: With me you will live a more exciting female : 555
male : three to five cigarettes is good sauce, but harmful to health
Women : Drop Dead
M : I in Internet cafes, not dead It
Female : Male
let me ask you : tell me phone number I will not say
Woman: No. Why should
M : Modification of message you see
This information is people forwarding this to your father will live long lives QQ space to see the first 6 days do not switch there must be hard to turn it Dad , Why did we have filial piety (Note: Do not blame me , I also received A )
Sunday, March 27, 2011
Charlene so handsome classic heartbreak
For their own good points, because life is not long; the people around him better, because the next life may not be able to meet!
2. I'm sorry is a sincere, it does not matter is a kind of grace. If you paid a sincere, but not grace, it only shows the ignorance of each other and vulgar!
3. if you know where to go your way all over the world.
4. I love you, long time, waiting for you, but also a long time, now, I want to leave, even for a long time than the long, long time ......< br>
5. a person has only one heart , there are two atria. One lived happiness; a home to grief. Do not laugh too loud, or you'll wake the next sad.
6. the world's farthest distance is not the distance between two trees is the same rooted branches can not burn the
7. Apple's most shining moment was hit in the head of Newton!
8. Love makes one forget time and time people forget that love.
9. breaking up is not love, and those high-sounding reasons, not want each other better, but want to feel better yourself!
10. tired of life, from less than half survive, less than half from the comparisons.
11. Do not let yesterday take up your day too!
12. If we say that beauty is a letter of recommendation, then the good is the credit card!
13. do not eat a woman in this world and perhaps several, are not jealous of the woman not even a no.
14. lost, in fact, have never really belongs to you, do not regret.
15. no matter how luxurious does not mean the wedding is a happy marriage, two people live together for life or not, and dinner on several seats, the number of jewelry no association.
16. flowery Meijuan, no match for Homecoming
17. advertising is telling people, the money so to spend
18. the third, the remainder of the division in just
19. life Most of the time, commitment synonym is bound, nonetheless we aspire to bondage.
20. Force is the role of each other, in addition to the power of love.
21. Many people in the reorganization of their prejudice, they also think that he was thinking.
22. there are too many helpless in life choices. Society is just like the dead, always people involuntarily, insincere.
23. We are hyperopic eyes, blurring the nearest well-being.
24. had I so love you and love you so much, I have been stuck in time, love is over.
25. If you go first, do not blame me when he turned back to you too
26. As long as your feet still on the ground to do not take yourself too lenient; as long as you still living on Earth to Do not take yourself too much.
27. If you want to test my patience, please prepare your patience.
28. ... Everyone is odd to him when the time is ... is .....< br>
29. In our love, I've been playing the role of love, breaking up Do not ask me why when you break up, ask yourself.
30. Life --- school friends class 啦 .. .. .. Graduation friends leave friends mixed with enough of .. .. .. sorry friends .. old friends died ...
31. can not can not be together with it, in fact, life was not so long ...
32. In ancient times there is documented aliens, because something must
33. a person, place only so much, you can give only so much in this small circle, some people want to come in, there are some people had to leave
34. Many people, because of loneliness and the indulgence of one person, but more people, because one indulgence, and lonely life
35. You know God is not fair to me or you do not you or me and I can only more you
36. people people feel that the fact that it will always be far too short you may not see
37. mother said best not to miss two things, the last one home, car and a love you.
38. the time is still, is our flies.
39. I allow you into my world, but in my world you should not walk around ..
40. I love you, you did it shine, I do not love you, you nothing.
2. I'm sorry is a sincere, it does not matter is a kind of grace. If you paid a sincere, but not grace, it only shows the ignorance of each other and vulgar!
3. if you know where to go your way all over the world.
4. I love you, long time, waiting for you, but also a long time, now, I want to leave, even for a long time than the long, long time ......< br>
5. a person has only one heart , there are two atria. One lived happiness; a home to grief. Do not laugh too loud, or you'll wake the next sad.
6. the world's farthest distance is not the distance between two trees is the same rooted branches can not burn the
7. Apple's most shining moment was hit in the head of Newton!
8. Love makes one forget time and time people forget that love.
9. breaking up is not love, and those high-sounding reasons, not want each other better, but want to feel better yourself!
10. tired of life, from less than half survive, less than half from the comparisons.
11. Do not let yesterday take up your day too!
12. If we say that beauty is a letter of recommendation, then the good is the credit card!
13. do not eat a woman in this world and perhaps several, are not jealous of the woman not even a no.
14. lost, in fact, have never really belongs to you, do not regret.
15. no matter how luxurious does not mean the wedding is a happy marriage, two people live together for life or not, and dinner on several seats, the number of jewelry no association.
16. flowery Meijuan, no match for Homecoming
17. advertising is telling people, the money so to spend
18. the third, the remainder of the division in just
19. life Most of the time, commitment synonym is bound, nonetheless we aspire to bondage.
20. Force is the role of each other, in addition to the power of love.
21. Many people in the reorganization of their prejudice, they also think that he was thinking.
22. there are too many helpless in life choices. Society is just like the dead, always people involuntarily, insincere.
23. We are hyperopic eyes, blurring the nearest well-being.
24. had I so love you and love you so much, I have been stuck in time, love is over.
25. If you go first, do not blame me when he turned back to you too
26. As long as your feet still on the ground to do not take yourself too lenient; as long as you still living on Earth to Do not take yourself too much.
27. If you want to test my patience, please prepare your patience.
28. ... Everyone is odd to him when the time is ... is .....< br>
29. In our love, I've been playing the role of love, breaking up Do not ask me why when you break up, ask yourself.
30. Life --- school friends class 啦 .. .. .. Graduation friends leave friends mixed with enough of .. .. .. sorry friends .. old friends died ...
31. can not can not be together with it, in fact, life was not so long ...
32. In ancient times there is documented aliens, because something must
33. a person, place only so much, you can give only so much in this small circle, some people want to come in, there are some people had to leave
34. Many people, because of loneliness and the indulgence of one person, but more people, because one indulgence, and lonely life
35. You know God is not fair to me or you do not you or me and I can only more you
36. people people feel that the fact that it will always be far too short you may not see
37. mother said best not to miss two things, the last one home, car and a love you.
38. the time is still, is our flies.
39. I allow you into my world, but in my world you should not walk around ..
40. I love you, you did it shine, I do not love you, you nothing.
Thursday, March 3, 2011
China 3G Is Exceeding dystocia
Saying a long time on the 3G in China, experienced a fierce battle 3G standards, issuing licenses rumors everywhere, and a long wait, the Chinese still hold 3G is still partly concealed. Although 3G networks have already entered the testing phase, can China the issuance of 3G licenses is still elusive. last year, the overwhelming information on the 3G, like hit, but this did not speed up the 3G era, this can not help but thought-provoking, what Exceeding Chinese 3G dystocia?
fact, the Chinese 3G dystocia behind, has a very complicated factors. For 3G, Mobile and China Unicom a positive attitude toward the two operators, telecommunications and fixed-line operator China Netcom has even two of the development of 3G as a turning point . In contrast, the attitude of the government is extremely cautious 3G, launched 3G shows the complexity of the incident. explore the root causes of the main reasons for China's 3G dystocia by the following factors.
3G application uncertainty < br> undeniable, 3G is a fire issue, and the prospects for 3G yet we can not see hope. Currently, the world's only 100 million 3G users, while the global mobile users up to 23 million, compared, 3G percentage of users is so small. global prospects are so bleak 3G, 3G prospects in China can be imagined.
to 3G high-speed Internet access seems to be a symbol of high-speed Internet access available in addition to outside, 3G applications there are other fresh it? SMS, MMS and other traditional mobile communications services, existing mobile networks can provide, 3G network popularity after the 2G era still provide services for the users, 3G What appeal?
for mobile operators, the construction of 3G networks require a larger investment. telecommunications industry experts said China 3G networks needed to fund the initial construction of up to 600 billion yuan, with the latter part of network maintenance and network coverage, 3G network construction in China will be an astronomical figure. such a high cost, mobile operators can profit when? increasingly rapid development in communications technology today, 3G is not yet universal, 4G has already started advertising so fast pace of development, but also mobile operators have to face a risk, after all, mobile operators are for profit enterprises.
huge investment, the application of homogenization, so that the application of China's 3G outlook is not so optimistic. At the same time, China also experienced 3G Who is the king of the 3G standards battle.
3G standards battle is not the result of China's 3G development
Another factor is that the domestic 3G standard of the competition so far to no avail. Just think, no standard prior to China's 3G network construction? The Government has self-developed 3G mobile phone supports the standard TD-SCDMA, and hope that the technical standards to the network speed, voice capacity and data interaction in the development of the Western countries for a resolution level of relevant technical standards.
From a technical point of view, TD-SCDMA technology standard are still some problems, compared with foreign 3G standards, TD standard does not account for any advantage. to the status of the domestic mobile market, the domestic 3G network is best to use the same standard, This not only reduces network construction costs, it can improve network quality. However, the status of the coexistence of a variety of 3G standards, the Government and mobile operators in the 3G standards are not unified views, resulting in the domestic 3G standard of the competition. However, one-year After many disputes, domestic 3G standard 3G network in what exactly has remained open.
course, mobile operators have begun to build 3G test network, which the future 3G networks use a standard, telecommunications regulators have not given a clear answer, which also delayed the development of the domestic 3G. In addition to the standard battle outside, 3G licenses are also constrained the development of the domestic 3G is a big incentive.
3G licenses issued reasons for the delay problem
3G license is not issued mainly due to the issuance of licenses related to the restructuring of telecommunications operators. At present, domestic Telecom, China Netcom, China Mobile, Unicom number of telecom operators, many operators co-exist in the market, there are also some disadvantages. the future, the domestic Once the 3G network construction, if several operators are still co-exist, is not suitable for the domestic 3G network development, precisely because of this, the Government will consider very carefully the issue 3G licenses issued.
In addition, China is a link with vast country, building 3G networks total investment of nearly 200 billion yuan, such a large investment, if not the existing telecom operators to integrate, each operator will be carrying a heavy burden ahead. in the telecommunications market is fiercely competitive Today, 3G network construction of this heavy burden for the telecom operators, is undoubtedly the result of. taking into account market demand and the specific situation of operators, 3G licenses will be delay.
3G network is not just a building huge investment in very large projects, but also a relationship to the future of telecom operators and 3G applications, complex problems, precisely because of this, China's 3G will move forward slowly, and this is the reason China's 3G dystocia.
fact, the Chinese 3G dystocia behind, has a very complicated factors. For 3G, Mobile and China Unicom a positive attitude toward the two operators, telecommunications and fixed-line operator China Netcom has even two of the development of 3G as a turning point . In contrast, the attitude of the government is extremely cautious 3G, launched 3G shows the complexity of the incident. explore the root causes of the main reasons for China's 3G dystocia by the following factors.
3G application uncertainty < br> undeniable, 3G is a fire issue, and the prospects for 3G yet we can not see hope. Currently, the world's only 100 million 3G users, while the global mobile users up to 23 million, compared, 3G percentage of users is so small. global prospects are so bleak 3G, 3G prospects in China can be imagined.
to 3G high-speed Internet access seems to be a symbol of high-speed Internet access available in addition to outside, 3G applications there are other fresh it? SMS, MMS and other traditional mobile communications services, existing mobile networks can provide, 3G network popularity after the 2G era still provide services for the users, 3G What appeal?
for mobile operators, the construction of 3G networks require a larger investment. telecommunications industry experts said China 3G networks needed to fund the initial construction of up to 600 billion yuan, with the latter part of network maintenance and network coverage, 3G network construction in China will be an astronomical figure. such a high cost, mobile operators can profit when? increasingly rapid development in communications technology today, 3G is not yet universal, 4G has already started advertising so fast pace of development, but also mobile operators have to face a risk, after all, mobile operators are for profit enterprises.
huge investment, the application of homogenization, so that the application of China's 3G outlook is not so optimistic. At the same time, China also experienced 3G Who is the king of the 3G standards battle.
3G standards battle is not the result of China's 3G development
Another factor is that the domestic 3G standard of the competition so far to no avail. Just think, no standard prior to China's 3G network construction? The Government has self-developed 3G mobile phone supports the standard TD-SCDMA, and hope that the technical standards to the network speed, voice capacity and data interaction in the development of the Western countries for a resolution level of relevant technical standards.
From a technical point of view, TD-SCDMA technology standard are still some problems, compared with foreign 3G standards, TD standard does not account for any advantage. to the status of the domestic mobile market, the domestic 3G network is best to use the same standard, This not only reduces network construction costs, it can improve network quality. However, the status of the coexistence of a variety of 3G standards, the Government and mobile operators in the 3G standards are not unified views, resulting in the domestic 3G standard of the competition. However, one-year After many disputes, domestic 3G standard 3G network in what exactly has remained open.
course, mobile operators have begun to build 3G test network, which the future 3G networks use a standard, telecommunications regulators have not given a clear answer, which also delayed the development of the domestic 3G. In addition to the standard battle outside, 3G licenses are also constrained the development of the domestic 3G is a big incentive.
3G licenses issued reasons for the delay problem
3G license is not issued mainly due to the issuance of licenses related to the restructuring of telecommunications operators. At present, domestic Telecom, China Netcom, China Mobile, Unicom number of telecom operators, many operators co-exist in the market, there are also some disadvantages. the future, the domestic Once the 3G network construction, if several operators are still co-exist, is not suitable for the domestic 3G network development, precisely because of this, the Government will consider very carefully the issue 3G licenses issued.
In addition, China is a link with vast country, building 3G networks total investment of nearly 200 billion yuan, such a large investment, if not the existing telecom operators to integrate, each operator will be carrying a heavy burden ahead. in the telecommunications market is fiercely competitive Today, 3G network construction of this heavy burden for the telecom operators, is undoubtedly the result of. taking into account market demand and the specific situation of operators, 3G licenses will be delay.
3G network is not just a building huge investment in very large projects, but also a relationship to the future of telecom operators and 3G applications, complex problems, precisely because of this, China's 3G will move forward slowly, and this is the reason China's 3G dystocia.
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